Pulse power

The design of a pulsed EPR spectrometer depends heavily on tlie required pulse lengdi and pulse power which in turn are mainly dictated by the relaxation times of tlie paramagnetic species to be studied, but also by the type of experiment perfomied. When pulses of the order of a few nanoseconds are required (either to compete... 

Nonlinear dispersion becomes relevant at sufficient pulse powers. In some fibre stmctures tire interiDlay between tire nonlinear dispersion and tire group velocity dispersion can be used to produce non-dispersive waves called solitons. Solitons, altliough beyond tire scope of tliis treatment, may revolutionize tire communication systems of tire future. A full treatment of soliton tlieory can be found in [4, 261. 

F) Anon, Experimental Analysis of Hybrid Rocket Fuels for MHD Pulse Power Generation Interim Tech Rept No 3, 2 Mar—2 Nov 66,... 

On a laboratory scale, generally an ultrasonic probe (horn) and an ultrasonic cleaner are used. The ultrasonic field in an ultrasonic cleaner is not homogeneous. Sonication extraction uses ultrasonic frequencies to disrupt or detach the target analyte from the matrix. Horn type sonic probes operate at pulsed powers of 400-600 W in the sample solvent container. Ultrasonic extraction works by agitating the solution and producing cavitation in the... 

Namihira, T., Tsukamoto, S., Wang, D. (2000) Improvement of NOx removal efficiency using short-width pulsed power, IEEE Trans. PI. Sci. 28, 434-42. 

Test cells using the above graphite materials were evaluated in PC-based electrolytes. For this work, the hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) test was performed on cells with the different graphite anodes and PC-based electrolytes to evaluate their high power capabilities. These electrochemical experiments indicate that cells containing the surface-modified natural graphite can meet the power requirement set by the FreedomCar partnership for the hybrid vehicle applications. 

We do not consider here the dependence of the group velocity on the beam divergence and the related spatiotemporal effeets in the nonlinear medium leading to additional changes in the pulse shape. In the region of the core, these effects are small, and the radiation field power for the levels of the input pulse power considered here is low. 

In the structure A, the transverse profile of the initial pulse varies behind the junction due to the self-focusing effect. In the nonlinear waveguide of the structure, a fraction of an initial pulse power is emitted from the guiding region (Fig. 19). 

For a given pulse power, the SS effect depends on the transverse profile of the field and is less pronounced in waveguides with thinner cores (the dashed lines in Fig.26, 27 are plotted for a waveguide with <7= 2.4pm). 

Lithium Iron Sulfide (High Temperature). High-temperature molten salt Li—Al/LiCl— KCl/FeS - cells are known for their high energy density and superior safety. At one point they were being actively pursued for electric vehicle and pulse-power applications. Historically, boron nitride (BN) cloth or felt has been used as the separator in flooded-electrolyte cells, while MgO pressed-powder plaques have been used in starved-electrolyte cells. 

Chromite major and minor element composition was determined by microprobe. The IPGE contents of chromite were determined at UQAC by a LA-ICPMS (Thermo X7 ICP-MS coupled to a New Wave Research 213 nm UV laser, 80 pm spot diameter, 10 Hz pulse rate, 0.3 mJ/pulse power). In addition to the IPGE other elements were monitored to control the nature of ablated material and the presence of included phases. 

Figure 21.13 Dependence of active control effectiveness on pulsed power fraction...

There are two limitations for using the off-resonance approach. RF pulse strength is one of these, as it defines the frequency range which can be covered with reasonable uniformity. This becomes a more difficult issue when other than H spectra are concerned, such as the case of C-HoMQC [16, 24, 25]. The applicable pulse power is limited by the hardware, especially by the probe. In such cases application of adiabatic pulses may provide a promising alternative to cover large frequency windows. 

In pulse-power applications, the thyristor is required to supply energy to the load in a very short period of time, which requires that it provide extremely high-current slew rates. During turn-on, excess carrier density increases near the gate area and then spreads throughout the device. As the excess carriers spread, the anode-to-... 

Another parameter that must be taken into account when operating devices in pulsed-power applications is the action, defined as l t, where t is the width of the current pulse. The life (N) of the switch is the number of times the device will deliver power to the load before failure and is also an important parameter used to determine the reliability of the pulse-power system. Switch failure is usually related to mechanical factures caused by thermal stresses due to power dissipation in the device at turn-on. Life is predicted using the empirical formula... 

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