Protective Mobilization Plan

There were few Negro troops in the Army in the peacetime period, and prior to 1940 the number of Negro units provided for in the Protective Mobilization Plan (PMP) was decidedly limited. No provision was made for any Negro chemical units. In the summer of 1940 the Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3, recommended modification of the PMP in order to provide more Negro units. The CWS initially felt the effects of the new policy when the ist Chemical Decontamination Company, constituted as a white company in the PMP, was activated on i August 1940 at Fort Eustis, Virginia, as a Negro unit. ... 

The CWS protective mobilization plan contemplated that training of other components at the Chemical Warfare School would be discontinued upon mobilization, when the school would reorganize for its primary mission of training CWS troops. Two types of courses were specified in the new setup successive thirty-day refresher classes of seventy-five officers, and a series of classes for enlisted specialists (meteorologists). This program would have proven inadequate, even had it been followed. Yet there was no evident inclination in 1940 to extend the school training of CWS officers. In recommending to the War Department the courses to be conducted at the school between i July 1940 and 30 June 1941, the CWS proposed only six courses, none of them specifically for preparation of Chemical Warfare Service officers for active duty. ... 

Soon after the declaration of war the General Staff questioned whether the technical branches were making adequate provision for service units under the augmented protective mobilization plan for 1942. In response to an inquiry on this point, the Chief, CWS, reported that insufficient chemical... 

The prewar plan of the Chemical Warfare Service for officer candidate training had been written in general terms. If an officer candidate school were to be operated under the Protective Mobilization Plan, it would be "established and conducted by the Chemical Warfare School. Classes of three-month duration would begin at M-30, M-60, and monthly thereafter. Each class would have about 150 candidates. "... 

From 1937 onward all industrial mobilization planning was based on the manpower requirements of the Protective Mobilization Plan (PMP). The PMP called for an army of 400,000, within 30 days after mobilization, known as the Initial Protective Force and made up of the Regular Army and the National Guard. Within 4 months, the number would be raised to 1,000,000 men and within 14 months to a peak wartime figure of 4,000,000. The CWS planned for both units and facilities under the PMP and estimated the time it would require to furnish the mobilized forces with critical and essential items, such as gas masks, toxic agents, smoke, munitions, impregnite, airplane spray tanks, and shells for 4.2-inch chemical mortars. ... 

A more sophisticated but perhaps somewhat simpler refinement is shown In Figure 6, which Is a process developed by Mobil and on which Mobil has applied for patent protection. We plan to utilize this process in the second platform Installation for the Statfjord Field In the North Sea. This process Is the most selective we have developed in studies for the Statfjord Field, within the space and weight constraints of production platform economise. 

The present National Policy on Shelters evolved from this comprehensive military-nonmilitary defense study, in which the Gaither Committee participated. The policy was announced by the Director of the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization, for the President, on May 7, 1958. This pronouncement provides that The Administration s national civil defense policy, which now includes planning for the movement of people from target areas if time permits, will now also include the use of shelters to provide protection from radio-... 

It is our plan, however, in keeping with our policy of assisting all persons in getting all the protection they can afford, to develop fixed BW-CW protection for our home shelter designs when the necessary collective protector becomes available. We would still recommend that the occupants have masks also, for mobility. 

Community Relations Plan, EPA Mobile Incinerator Project," U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Public Affairs,... 

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires a fire prevention plan for the protection of employees. The Code of Federal Regulations under 1910.39 lists the minimum requirements for such a prevention plan. It is required for all general industry workplaces except for mobile stations such as vessels and vehicles. All OSHA state-plan states must cover government and municipal employees. There may also be state law in a federal-plan state that adopts these regulations for public workers or develops its own standards. Regardless, it is a best management practice for any facility to incorporate these minimum requirements. 

Historically, one of the natural responses to rising sea level has been retreat. Wetlands have demonstrated this as an effective response to sea level rise. Retreat has also been used in some situations to protect development or movable property. During the 1982/1983 El Nino storms, a mobile home subdivision in Pacifica, CA lost the seaward most row of lots. The response was to pull the facilities landward and reduce the number of available sites. Dming the storms of 1997/1998, a different part of Pacifica, CA was attacked by waves and 10 homes were eventually removed from the bluff top. In southern Big Sm, portions of Pacific Coast Highway have been threatened by bluff retreat. Small amoimts of revetment have been built to protect the most threatened portions, but the overall plan is to relocate several miles of the road to a safer, more inland location. Such examples of retreat may be more common in the futme, as the threat from coastal erosion becomes more pervasive and the long-term costs of in-place protection increase. 

In some cases, the proximity of a local fire station or provision of a dedicated fire station within a large industrial complex can be relied upon to provide backup firewater pumping capabiHty to the fire protection system. In fact, historical evidence indicates that when the fixed firewater pumps have been impacted by a major fire or explosion incident, mobile fire apparatus has to be heavily relied upon as a backup mechanism. Previous coordination with the fire station as to their capabilities, mobile apparatus accessibility, connection points, drafting sites, emergency admittance, and manpower should be evaluated and incorporated into emergency pre-fire plans for the facility. 

---