Prostate cancer staging

ABT-627 (Atrasentan) Abbott Laboratories, USA ETA receptor Hormone-refractory prostate cancer, stage IV (phase III)... 

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction does not improve preoperative prostate cancer staging a clinicopathological molecular analysis of 121 patients. / Urol, 156, 1560-1566. 

Recommend a treatment for initial treatment of prostate cancer based on stage, Gleason score, age, and symptoms. 

The prognosis for prostate cancer patients depends on the histologic grade, the tumor size, and the disease stage. More than 85% of patients with stage Aj disease but less than 1% of those with stage D2 can be cured. 

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a useful marker for detecting prostate cancer at early stages, predicting outcome for localized disease, defining disease-free status, and monitoring response to... 

TABLE 89-3. Staging and Classification Systems for Prostate Cancer... 

The initial treatment for prostate cancer depends primarily on the disease stage, the Gleason score, the presence of symptoms, and the life expectancy of the patient.15,26 Prostate cancer usually... 

Prostate cancer treatment depends on the stage, age, Gleason score, and PSA concentration. Treatment options include expectant management, radiation therapy, radical prostatectomy, hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy. 

In summary, lycopene must have some specific effect on unknown cellular processes that control the modulation of multiple pathways. General properties, such as antioxidation or pro-oxidation, are unlikely to explain these effects. Since the activation, silencing or loss of pathway control is different for each cell type and its degree of transformation, we do not have enough information to predict whether lycopene may be beneficial or detrimental under different circumstances in various prostate cell lines and in the different stages of prostate cancer. 

In addition to their possible prooxidant activity (see above) polyphenols and flavonoids may influence cancer cells via their antioxidant properties. Recently, Jang et al. [219] studied cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from grapes (Chapter 29). These authors showed that resveratrol inhibited the development of preneoplastic lesions in carcinogen-treated mouse mammary glands in culture and inhibited tumorigenesis in a mouse skin cancer model. Flavonoids silymarin and silibinin also exhibited antitumor-promoting effects at the stage I tumor promotion in mouse skin [220] and manifested antiproliferative effects in rat prostate cancer cells [221]. 

Rifkiii. M D et al Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasonography in Staging Early Prostate Cancer," New Eng. J. Med., 623 (September 6,... 

Prostate Cancer 41,42, 45,44, 46,411 Progressive loss of annexins with increased histological stage. (Smitherman et al., 2004) Lehnigk et al., 2005) Annexin 1 expression reduced in prostatic adenocarcinoma and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (Kang et al., 2002 Patton et al., 2005) (Xin et al., 2003)... 

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