2-Propenamide

In this article the term acrylamide polymer refers to all polymers which contain acrylamide as a major constituent. Consequendy, acrylamide polymers include functionalized polymers prepared from polyacrylamide by postreaction and copolymers prepared by polymerizing acrylamide (2-propenamide, C H NO) with one or more comonomers. 

Z-Furan. 3-(5-Nitro-2-furanyl)-2-propenamide, is prepared by condensation of 5-nitro-2-furancarboxaldehyde diacetate with malonic ester followed by PCl chlorination and amination (29). The product was marketed in Japan as a food preservative. 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Acrylic Amide 50%, Propenamide 50% Chemical Formula CHi=CHCONHj-H20. 

The base materials include acrylic acid (ethylenecarboxylic acid, propenoic acid, vinylformic acid, CH2 CHCOOH) and its sodium salt, methacrylic acid [2-methylpropenoic acid, CH2 C(CH3)COOH], acrylamide (acrylic amide, propenamide, CH2 CH-CONH2), and methacrylamide. 

Comparison of the limiting viscosity numbers determined in deionized water with those determined in 1 molar sodium nitrate shows a 20 per cent decrease in copolymer intrinsic viscosity in the saline solution. These results are consistent with previous studies using aqueous saline solutions as theta solvents for 2-propenamide polymers(47) Degree of hydrolysis controls the value of limiting viscosity number for the hydrolyzed copolymers in distilled water. 

Figure 5. Screen factor of solutions of hydrolyzed poly(starch-g-(2 propenamide)) copolymer.

Strongly anionic, highly water-soluble, graft copolymers of starch can be made by adding 2-propenamide and sodium 2,2-dimethyl-3-imino-4-oxohex-5-ene-1-sulfonate (Na DMIH) to the polymerization reactions. See references 43 and 56 for a discussion of these polymers. 

Procedure To a dry Erlenmeyer flask of appropriate size, add one half of the reaction solvent. All reactants, including the dry mass of the hydroperoxide, should not constitute more than 23 weight percent of the reaction mixture or an insoluble product may be produced. Add dry lignin and dry calcium chloride to the reaction vessel and cap with a septum or rubber stopper. In a separate vessel, dissolve 2-propenamide in about one quarter of the DMSO solvent and, in a third vessel, dissolve the sulfonated monomer in the final one quarter of the solvent. Saturate both monomer solutions with by bubbling with the gas for 10 minutes. Saturate the lignin solution with for 10 minutes. Add the hydroperoxide to... 

Table 6. Yield and Limiting Viscgsity Humber for Lignin- ( 2-propenamide ) Reactions...

Though the data are limited, batch 2 samples, which probably have lower molecular weights, appear to give greater yield point lowering and lower gel strength than do samples synthesized with more 2-propenamide in the reaction mixture. 

A strongly anionic, polyelectrolyte can be made from lignin by conducting a graft polymerization in the presence of 2-propenamide and 2,2-dimethyl-3-imino-4-oxohex-5- ene-1-sulfonic acid or its salts. 

Table 12 Synthesis data of cationic lignin-graft copolymer ( lignin-g-2-propenamide-DMDAC )...

Poly(starch-g-(1-amidoethylene)) copolymers can be formed by ceric-ion- initiated, free-radical polymerization of 2-propenamide on starch. Poly(starch- g-[partially hydrolyzed 1-amidoethylene]) can be formed by treatment of an aqueous solution of the copolymer with 0.5 M sodium hydroxide at 40UC under anaerobic conditions. Treatment of the copolymer under these conditions for 10 minutes produces a hydrolyzed copolymer with a degree of hydrolysis between 9 5 and 14 5 percent. 

Products synthesized in reaction mixtures containing 2 g of 2-propenamide/g of lignin acted as thinners in bentonite-based mud. 

Propargyl alcohol, p249 Propargyl chloride, c241 Propenamide, a61 2-Propen-1-amine, a76... 

Propen-l-ol. See Allyl alcohol 2-Propenal. See Acrolein 2-Propenamide. See Acrylamide Propene, copolymerizations of, 16 111 Propene homopolymerization, 16 104-110 Propene polymerization, 16 94, 99 2-Propenenitrile. See Acrylonitrile (AN) Propenoic acid, physical properties, 5 31t Propenoic acid nitrile. See Acrylonitrile (AN)... 

The first example of a counterthermodynamic one-way E - Z photoisomerization based upon intramolecular hydrogen bonding was reported for the 7V-methyl-3-(2-pyridyl)-propenamide systems. 

Synonyms AAM Acrylamide monomer Acrylic acid amide Acrylic amide AI3-04119 Amresco acryl-40 BRN 0605349 CCRiS 7 EiNECS 201473-7 Ethylene carboxamide NSC 7785 Optimum Propenamide 2-Propenamide Propenoic acid amide RCRA waste number U007 UN 2074 Vinyl amide. 

Propellant 12, see Dichlorodifluoromethane Propenal, see Acrolein Prop-2-en-l-al, see Acrolein 2-Propenal, see Acrolein Propenamide, see Acrylamide 2-Propenamide, see Acrylamide Propenenitrile, see Acrylonitrile 2-Propenenitrile, see Acrylonitrile Propene oxide, see Propylene oxide Propenitrile, see Acrylonitrile... 

---