0001 projection, schematic

Fig. 39. Schematic showing the basics of cell projection. The desired beam shape is selected by steering the electron beam through the appropriate pattern in the aperture plate. By using a rectangular aperture the system can operate like a conventional direct-write e-beam tool, so any shape of pattern can be...

Fig. 9. Schematic view of the development of the concentration profile of ions implanted from low (L), medium (M), and high (H) doses. The projected...

Fig. 6. Schematic illustration of stmctural relationships in quart2 where the circles represent siUcon centers only, projected on the basal plane (oxygen atoms are not shown) (Q) represent the highest level, ( ) represent the intermediate level, and (O) represent the lowest level. The lines are an aid to visuali2ation...

Glassification of Phase Boundaries for Binary Systems. Six classes of binary diagrams have been identified. These are shown schematically in Figure 6. Classifications are typically based on pressure—temperature (P T) projections of mixture critical curves and three-phase equiHbria lines (1,5,22,23). Experimental data are usually obtained by a simple synthetic method in which the pressure and temperature of a homogeneous solution of known concentration are manipulated to precipitate a visually observed phase. 

Figure 3.S Schematic diagram of packing side chains In the hydrophobic core of colled-coll structures according to the "knobs In holes" model. The positions of the side chains along the surface of the cylindrical a helix Is pro-jected onto a plane parallel with the heUcal axis for both a helices of the coiled-coil. (a) Projected positions of side chains in helix 1. (b) Projected positions of side chains in helix 2. (c) Superposition of (a) and (b) using the relative orientation of the helices In the coiled-coil structure. The side-chain positions of the first helix, the "knobs," superimpose between the side-chain positions In the second helix, the "holes." The green shading outlines a d-resldue (leucine) from helix 1 surrounded by four side chains from helix 2, and the brown shading outlines an a-resldue (usually hydrophobic) from helix 1 surrounded by four side chains from helix 2.

Figure 3.6 Four-helix bundles frequently occur as domains in a proteins. The arrangement of the a helices is such that adjacent helices in the amino acid sequence are also adjacent in the three-dimensional structure. Some side chains from all four helices are buried in the middle of the bundle, where they form a hydrophobic core, (a) Schematic representation of the path of the polypeptide chain in a four-helrx-bundle domain. Red cylinders are a helices, (b) Schematic view of a projection down the bundle axis. Large circles represent the main chain of the a helices small circles are side chains. Green circles are the buried hydrophobic side chains red circles are side chains that are exposed on the surface of the bundle, which are mainly hydrophilic.

Figure 2. (001) projection of (a) AbTi3 and (b) AlnTi structures. A model for island-like precipitates composed of the core AlsTi3 phase and the periphery AlnTi phase is shown in (c), and (d) shows a schematic illustration of commensurate AbTia (small solid circles) and AlijTi (small open circles) diffraction patterns [14],... 

Fig. 14. The (p, T) projection of a system of the type of ethylene-f naphthalene (schematic).

Fig. 10. Mode of packing of right- (/ ) and left-handed (L) helices in the a form of i-PP, viewed along the c axis. The triangles are schematic representations of the three-fold helices, with the methyl groups projecting at the vertices.

The following schematic representation of pyranose ring closure in D-glucose shows the reorientation at C-5 necessary to allow ring formation this process corresponds to the change from Fischer to modified Fischer projection. 

Mt. Wilson Observatory. The UnISIS excimer laser system is deployed on the 2.5 m telescope at Mt. Wilson Observatory (Thompson and Castle, 1992). A schematic of the system layout is shown in Fig. 11. The30W, 351 nm excimer laser is located in the coude room. The laser has a 20 ns pulse length, with a repetition rate of 167 or 333 Hz. The laser light is projected from the 2.5 m mirror and focused at 18 km. A fast gating scheme isolates the focused waist. A NGS is needed to guide a tip-tilt mirror. Even with relatively poor seeing, UnISIS has been able to correct a star to the diffraction limit. 

Figure 1. Crystallographic relation (schematic) between the structure types of RhB (anti-NiAs type), TaFeB (ordered Fe2P type) and ZrIrjB4 type. Numbers given indicate heights in projection along [001]. Large circles are metal atoms, small circles are B atoms. Metal sublattice of RhB and different modes of filling the voids (squares) generate the different structure types (see text).

Fig. 2.39 Schematic representation of the projection of idealized ji- and y-peptide helices in a plane perpendicular to the helix axis and comparison with the helical wheel of the natural a-helix...

Fig. 5.6 Schematic representation of the relationship between clusters in (a) the [ Zr6B)Ch4] [NbeCliJ) structure ([001] projection on z = l/2) and (b) the [(ZrgBjClia] structure ([010] projection on y = 0).

At the end of the 2D experiment, we will have acquired a set of N FIDs composed of quadrature data points, with N /2 points from channel A and points from channel B, acquired with sequential (alternate) sampling. How the data are processed is critical for a successful outcome. The data processing involves (a) dc (direct current) correction (performed automatically by the instrument software), (b) apodization (window multiplication) of the <2 time-domain data, (c) Fourier transformation and phase correction, (d) window multiplication of the t domain data and phase correction (unless it is a magnitude or a power-mode spectrum, in which case phase correction is not required), (e) complex Fourier transformation in Fu (f) coaddition of real and imaginary data (if phase-sensitive representation is required) to give a magnitude (M) or a power-mode (P) spectrum. Additional steps may be tilting, symmetrization, and calculation of projections. A schematic representation of the steps involved is presented in Fig. 3.5. 

Fig. 4.12 (a) CdSe wurtzite unit cell (b) schematic illustration of a hexagonal (wurtzite) CdSe basal plane on a (111) section of the gold lattice, emphasizing the 2 3 lattice match. Note the [111] Au//(0001)CdSe orientation, with the CdSe a-directions aligned along the (llO)Au. The outlined rhombus indicates the projection of a CdSe unit cell. (Adapted from [112])... 

Figure 8.6 Schematic diagram of the proposed structure of the vesicular monoamine transporter. There are 12 transmembrane segments with both the N- and C-termini projecting towards the neuronal cytosol. (Based on Schuldiner 1998)...

Figure 6(b) shows schematic projection of NagTieOis and the rectangular tunnel structure[9]. Na2TieOi3 has three kinds of TiOe units, each of which is distorted to produce different dipole moments. The directions of the dipole moments are... 

Figure 6. Schematic projection and tunnel structure of BaTi40g(a) and NagTieOiaCb). O.oxygen atom .titeinium atom barium or sodium atom X. center of gravity of six oxygen ions. The arrows indicate the dipole moments.

The matrix X defines a pattern P" of n points, e.g. x, in which are projected perpendicularly upon the axis v. The result, however, is a point s in the dual space S". This can be understood as follows. The matrix X is of dimension nxp and the vector V has dimensions p. The dimension of the product s is thus equal to n. This means that s can be represented as a point in S". The net result of the operation is that the axis v in 5 is imaged by the matrix X as a point s in the dual space 5". For every axis v in 5 we will obtain an image s formed by X in the dual space. In this context, we use the word image when we refer to an operation by which a point or axis is transported into another space. The word projection is reserved for operations which map points or axes in the same space [11]. The imaging of v in S into s in S" is represented geometrically in Fig. 29.9a. Note that the patterns of points P" and P are represented schematically by elliptic envelopes. 

Fig. 2.9.3 Proton spin density diffusometry in a two-dimensional percolation model object [31]. The object was initially filled with heavy water and then brought into contact with an H2O gel reservoir, (a) Schematic drawing ofthe experimental set-up. The pore space is represented in white, (b) Maps ofthe proton spin density that were recorded after diffusion times t varying from 1.5 to 116 h. Projections of the...

Fig. 5.5.14 Schematic diagram showing how the double-phase encoded DEPT sequence achieves both spatial and spectral resolution within the reactor, (a) A spin-echo ]H 2D image taken through the column overlayed with a grid showing the spatial location within the column of the two orthogonal phase encoded planes (z and x) used in the modified DEPT sequence. The resulting data set is a zx image with a projection along y. In-plane spatial resol-ution is 156 [Am (z) x 141 [xm (x) for a 3-mm slice thickness. The center of each volume from which the data have been acquired is identified by the intersection of the white lines. The arrow indicates the direction of flow.

For a structureless continuum (i.e., in the absence of resonances), assuming that the scattering projection of the potential can only induce elastic scattering, the channel phase vanishes. The simplest model of this scenario is depicted schematically in Fig. 5a. Here we consider direct dissociation of a diatomic molecule, assuming that there are no nonadiabatic couplings, hence no inelastic scattering. This limit was observed experimentally (e.g., in ionization of H2S). 

FIGURE 21.9 Schematic diagram of the IP Jay Paper Mill showing points of discharge to wastewater treatment plant. (Taken from U.S. EPA, International Paper XL-2 Effluent Improvements Project, Final Report, U.S. EPA, Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Jay, Maine, September 6, 2005.)... 

Figure 20. SNG schematic process. Source ETOGAS Project.

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