Productivity correlations, pesticides

The objective of another project was to evaluate the level of pollution in water and sediments in Lake Turawskie, a storage reservoir built in the 1930s on the Mala Panew River in southwestern Poland, and then to search for a correlation between the analytical chemical results and the toxicity parameters estimated from the application of biotests. Polluted waters as well as large amounts of polluted sediments enter the reservoir from the Mala Panew and its tributary, the Libawa. Industrial activities in the river basin include silver, zinc, and lead processing plants, steel and glass manufacture, and the production of cellulose and chemicals. Agriculture presents a further potential threat (e.g., fertilizer and pesticide run-off), as does the use of the reservoir s banks for recreational purposes. 

In the following the banned pesticides, which have not been used in a 4-5 years period before the measurements was sampled (Ids. 1, 2, 6, 7, 8) are excluded from the data set and the correlation analysis is repeated. The results for the t correlation are shown in Table 4. The efficiency of the product between Dose and SpArea as correlation variable is tested. This product may be an effective variable, having unit of used amount per year (kg/year). However, it has been shown for the Swedish data that this product is far from being complete (Sorensen et al. 2003). The correlation in Table 4 has changed substantial compared with Table 2. The correlation between the predicted and predictive variables has improved. The product Dose SpArea has the best correlation to both DetFreq and MedMax. 

Tso, T.C., J.F. Chaphn, J.D. Adams, and D. Hoffmaim Simple correlation and multiple regression among leaf and smoke characteristics of hurley tobaccos 7th Intemat. Tob. Sci. Cong., Manila, The Philippines, CORESTA Inf. Bull., Spec. Edition 1980 Paper APST 05, 137 Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 11 (1982) 141-150. Tso, T.C., J.E. Chaplin, K.E. LeLacheur, and T.J. Sheets Pesticide-treated V5. pesticide-free tobacco 1. Tobacco production and leaf analysis Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 10 (1980) 114-119. 

EIA have been used intensively for the determination of pesticides in surface and rainwater - and groundwater. A substantial number of these studies were carried out for triazine herbicides. This illustrates the widespread occurrence of these herbicides in the aquatic environment. Many groups have used commercial test kits, which allow the investigation of samples without time-consuming Ab production. Thurman et al., for example, used a Res-I-Mune kit (ImmunoSystems) for the investigation of triazines in surface and groundwater. The EIA was compared to GC/MS results obtained from samples that were extracted by SPE. Correlation coefficients between 0.91 and 0.95 were obtained after introducing cross-reactivity factors for each of the triazines in order to calculate a sum parameter for the GC. The majority of the samples contained only atrazine (up to 3 igL ). Therefore, the EIA results corresponded well with the atrazine concentrations obtained by GC/MS. 

It was found that the output of BIOWIN PSM and the median experimental half-lives do not correlate well (r = 0.49). Also, for the better degradable pesticides with BIOWIN outputs between 2.5 and 4, little correlation between experimental soil half-lives and BIOWIN output could be detected. However, as can be seen in Fig. 8, with the exception of very recalcitrant pesticides such as DDT, heptachlor, aldrin and dieldrin, the predicted biodegradation half-lives in soil lie within a factor of ten of the measured half-lives. Further, the root mean squared errors between half-Uves derived from the BIOWIN output and experimental half-lives indicate an average error of about a factor of five. From these comparisons of experimental and predicted half-lives, it can therefore be concluded that soil half-Ufe predictions are usually accurate within a factor of five fo fen. For a first assessment of the exposure potential of various transformation products, this accuracy might be considered sufficient. 

Dermal exposure to captan and benomyl by strawberry harvesters has been the subject of several previous studies (1.2.3). This field study was designed to test a number of hypotheses and the reproducibility of dermal exposure rate measurements taken under field conditions. Most of our past studies have not been designed for a particular pesticide but were modified to accommodate the pesticide chosen by the grower to control a certain pest. In this case, the pesticide was carbaryl (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate) an insecticide used to control the spittlebug and leafroller. Our results could then he compared with those obtained by Maitlen and co-workers (A) who studied workers exposed to carbaryl in an apple orchard. Furthermore, attempts will be made to test possible positive correlations between age and dermal dose rate versus productivity and dermal dose rate versus age of harvesters. Difference of dermal exposure due to age or... 

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