Product prototyping cycles

The use of different product prototyping cycles and their value towards solving problems, communicating results, and making progress. 

DV refers to the series of procedures used by the product development group to ensure that a product design output meets its design input. It focuses primarily on the end of the product development cycle. It is routinely understood to mean a thorough prototype testing of the final product to ensure that it is acceptable for shipment to the customers. 

Due to the ever-increasing demand for shorter product development cycles, a new technology known as rapid prototyping (RP) has emerged. RP is the organizational and technical connection of all processes in order to construct a physical prototype. The time required from the date the order is placed to when the prototype is completed can be substantially reduced with the application of RP technology (Figure 20). 

Because of an increasing demand from industrial companies for shorter product development cycles considering increasing quality aspects fast available prototypes can be used for accelerating the development process and a shorter time to market of a product. Figure 78 shows a comparison between a linear classical product development chain and Rapid Product Development. The most important factor... 

Based on damage data and other information e.g. from prototype tests or the use phase an exact statistical prognosis and the specifications of possible damage during the product Ufe cycle is feasible. Subsequently, the modification of product construction in the early phase to eliminate potential product weaknesses can be achieved. Later stages of construction will incorporate the knowledge on any potential product failure. 

Concurrent engineering, as the name suggests, is the approach of doing all necessary activities at the same time [1]. It is the unison of all facets of the product life cycle to minimize modifications in a prototype, i.e., to decrease design iterations performed during product development. 

Mock-ups are stiU widely used, especially in the manufacturing phases of the product life-cycle where they prove the fulfillment of expected requirements in geometrical design. In the further phases prototypes are used, being among them the difference that prototypes fulfill some kind of functionality of the real product,... 

The analysis of product failure behaviour and reliability parameters concerning the products life cycle is fundamental within the early product development phases. Initial measurements regarding the analysis of product reliability characteristics are based on prototypes. The challenge is the comprehensive analysis regarding the detection and mapping of expected failure modes and failure behaviour. Based on this analysis, product and manufacturing process optimisation is feasible. 

The challenge regarding the further processing and the usage during the prospective product life cycle is the quantitative risk and reliability estimation, which is primarily caused by the small prototype test data in combination with the heterogeneous distributions of the fibre and treatment characteristics. 

The placing in the product design cycle of process selection in the context of engineering for manufacture and assembly is illustrated in Figure 1.18. The selection of an appropriate set of processes for a product is very difficult to perform effectively without a sound Product Design Specification (PDS). A well-constructed PDS lists all the needs of the customers, end users and the business to be satisfied. It should be written and used by the Product Team and provide a reference point for any emerging design or prototype. Any conflict between customer needs and product functionality should be referred back to the PDS. 

During the project cycle, design teams work with their sponsor, project manager, and advisor, to capture requirements develop plans and schedules analyze budgetary constraints conduct requirements analysis and design, implement, and test a solution. At the end of XXX 486, each student team is expected to deliver a complete and working product, prototype, or final design to their sponsor. 

Oxides play many roles in modem electronic technology from insulators which can be used as capacitors, such as the perovskite BaTiOs, to the superconductors, of which the prototype was also a perovskite, Lao.sSro CutT A, where the value of x is a function of the temperature cycle and oxygen pressure which were used in the preparation of the material. Clearly the chemical difference between these two materials is that the capacitor production does not require oxygen partial pressure control as is the case in the superconductor. Intermediate between these extremes of electrical conduction are many semiconducting materials which are used as magnetic ferrites or fuel cell electrodes. The electrical properties of the semiconductors depend on the presence of transition metal ions which can be in two valence states, and the conduction mechanism involves the transfer of electrons or positive holes from one ion to another of the same species. The production problem associated with this behaviour arises from the fact that the relative concentration of each valence state depends on both the temperature and the oxygen partial pressure of the atmosphere. 

Wh/dm3 and 3500 cycles for the former, and 180 Wh/kg, 360 Wh/dm3 and 500 cycles for the latter. The project has a three-phase programme the first phase, already complete, involved the production of 10 Wh prototypes the second, fixed for the year 1998, requires the scaling up to prototypes of 100 Wh and the third, expected by the year 2001, is concerned with improvements in reliability of the 100 Wh modules. A list of the Japanese companies involved in the LIBES project and their chosen technologies is reported in Table 7.5. 

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