Processing aids clarifiers

Processing Aids. Manufacturing aids used to improve the appearance or performance of food products include clarifying agents (floccuianls), clouding agents, catalysts, and tiller aids. 

Bentonite is used in the food industry as a processing aid as a clarifying or filter agent. A specification for bentonite is contained in the Food Chemicals Codex (FCC). 

Processing aids and carriers which include surfactants to emulsify, stabilize, aid dissolution, and texturize, as well as solvents, clarifiers and chelators, opacifiers, foaming agents, and aerosol systems. Some of these, particularly alcohols or acids, may be flammable, corrosive, or otherwise hazardous. 

TSCA 8(0 clarifies that only commercial manufacture or processing comes within the scope of 8, and so chemicals manufactured, imported, or processed for purely academic purposes are not subject to reporting under TSCA 8(e).A person does not have a reporting obligation for chemicals that are used and not otherwise manufactured, imported, processed, or distributed. In this context, used means used as a chemical processing aid, catalyst, or reaction solvent. People who use paints and coatings are subject to 8(e) reporting. 

Uses Flocculant and coagulant in water treatment fertilizer animal feed supplement paint pigment clarifier, nutrient, dietary supplement, processing aid, stabilizer in foods, infant formulas Regulatory FDA 21CFR 182.8315,184.1315, GRAS BATF 27CFR 240.1051 SARA reportable... 

Most of the current clarifiers are sorbitol derivatives. They include Great Lakes Clearlite NU 005, and Ciba s Irgaclear additives, some of which are now manufactured by Roquette in France, as well as NC-4 sorbitol acetal clarifiers supplied by Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals in Japan. One exception is Dover Chemical s Doverlube FL-599, a polyethylene glycol ester offered for clarifying polypropylene and also as a process aid for high impact polystyrene. 

Full fatty acid salts themselves, are frequently used as polymer additives, usually as processing aids and acid scavengers. Both Gilbert and co-workers [30] and Hornsby and Watson [31] have indicated that such fatty acid salts can be used to beneficially pre-treat fillers, with the effectiveness depending on the metal present in the salt and the filler. Fatty acids and their salts when used as additives may adsorb onto the surface of untreated fillers and this has to be taken into account when developing formulations [32]. Fulmer and co-workers, also claim that using fatty acid salts as additives can be as effective as pre-coating fillers [22]. More work is needed to clarify this area. 

Ceramic powders Mica flakes Molybdenum disulfide Nano-clay Polyester fibers Antioxidants Antistatics Preservatives Processing aides Fungicides Smoke suppressants Foaming agents Viscosity modifiers Clarifiers Impact modifiers Odor reducers... 

Starch is a polysaccharide found in many plant species. Com and potatoes are two common sources of industrial starch. The composition of starch varies somewhat in terms of the amount of branching of the polymer chains (11). Its principal use as a flocculant is in the Bayer process for extracting aluminum from bauxite ore. The digestion of bauxite in sodium hydroxide solution produces a suspension of finely divided iron minerals and siUcates, called red mud, in a highly alkaline Hquor. Starch is used to settle the red mud so that relatively pure alumina can be produced from the clarified Hquor. It has been largely replaced by acryHc acid and acrylamide-based (11,12) polymers, although a number of plants stiH add some starch in addition to synthetic polymers to reduce the level of residual suspended soHds in the Hquor. Starch [9005-25-8] can be modified with various reagents to produce semisynthetic polymers. The principal one of these is cationic starch, which is used as a retention aid in paper production as a component of a dual system (13,14) or a microparticle system (15). 

The elements of the process are as follows. Acid and alkaline wastestreams are collected in a neutralization tank. Here sufficient lime is added to raise the pH to 6.0. At this point, no zinc hydroxide will precipitate but a portion of the iron, calcium sulfate, and other impurities will form a light precipitate. With a coagulant aid, the mixture is sent to a clarifier where a clear overflow containing the dissolved zinc is obtained. 

Another advantage to the incorporation of bioprocessing aids into the Step I procedure is that the clarified extract can be used directly for subsequent purification steps even without the use of a Step II system to dewater or concentrate the process stream. These factors are especidly relevant when HPLC systems arc used in Step IB for the chromatographic procedures. Nucleic acids, pigmented organics and especially cellular debris can very quickly foul an HPLC column. This is an even more important consideration for large scale protein purification schemes where the volumes of material and costs of the operation are greatly increased (3). 

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