Prices/pricing 15% price preference

Because of their favourable price, polyesters are preferred to epoxide and furane resins for general purpose laminates and account for at least 95% of the low-pressure laminates produced. The epoxide resins find specialised uses for chemical, electrical and heat-resistant applications and for optimum mechanical properties. The furane resins have a limited use in chemical plant. The use of high-pressure laminates from phenolic, aminoplastic and silicone resins is discussed elsewhere in this book. 

Thompson, Gary D., and Julia Kidwell. 1998. Explaining the Choice of Organic Produce Cosmetic Defects, Prices, and Consumer Preferences. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 80(2) 277-87. 

BHT being available at a relatively low price is the preferred antioxidant for various end uses. 

Establish priorities among the elements of the hierarchy by making a series of judgments based on pair-wise comparisons of the elements. For example, when comparing potential real-estate purchases, the investors might say they prefer location over price and price over timing. 

But although the first and second laws meet our objective of relating Q and W to system properties, that objective has been obtained at a price. The price is that, while the first and second laws have identified new system properties, U and S, those new properties are conceptuals, not measurables. To obtain full benefit from the first and second laws, we must relate U and S to measurables—preferably measurable operating variables such as temperature, pressure, and composition. And so, the first and second laws have certainly achieved the economy of thought characteristic of science, but before we can apply those laws in an engineering setting, we must establish relations between conceptuals and measurables. 

Set item prices by tender for priituuy care and secondary care combined. A preferred supplier would be established and all products would be reimbursed at the price of the preferred supplier. 

Caustic Soda is now supplied to soap-makers at a reasonable price, consequently they prefer purchasing this important article to making their own caustic soda, which involves not only considerable trouble and delay in its preparation, but also an accumulation of hme-waste, which is not always easy to get rid of in large cities and towns. 

Regarding environmental protection, the most important advantage of the use of aluminum acetate is that acetate can very easily escape as CO2 and H2O molecules. For industrial applications only the samples prepared in basic conditions should be taken into consideration. The same can be concluded about the application of the samples prepared from sodium metasilicate (water glass solution). The price gives some preference to sodium silicate over TEOS. 

An inflation term structure is a necessary prerequisite to the pricing of inflation derivatives. It is constructed using the same principles we discussed in Chapters 3 and 4. Previously, to construct this curve we would have used IL bond prices as the set of market yields used as inputs to the curve. Now, however, we can also use the prices of IL derivatives. As with other markets, the derivative prices are often preferred to cash prices for two reasons one, we can use a continuous set of prices rather than have to rely on available bond maturities, and two, there is usually greater liquidity in the OTC market. 

Around half of essential medicines used in Tanzania are obtained via public and non-profit procurement. MSD s public sector procurement gives local firms a 15% price preference in competition with importers when both meet the quality hurdles. The effective preference rate is somewhat lower (one interviewee suggested around 9%), because importers prices are landed prices at the port, while local firms price includes delivery to MSD s zonal warehouses. 

Like other countries discussed in this book, Ghana also offers a 15% price preference for domestic suppliers in public procurement. This has also helped manufacturers, though the system has not always functioned properly. Local manufacturers complain that the procurement system is not very transparent, and especially when the government buys at regional and local levels there is suspicion that the 15% advantage is often not provided. The government does not reveal the prices at which it actually procures. Perhaps if such information is made public the situation will improve. 

Industrial policy in Brazil generally recognizes the potential of public procurement to promote competition in markets where government demand is significant, such as health. Rules have been defined for the use of public purchasing power, which allow a price preference of up to 25% for purchases from domestic producers, using a method of calculation that takes into account employment and income generation, impact on tax revenues, national development and other factors. ... 

The market entry challenge. Despite the fantastic growth and opportunities, access to and positioning in the Chinese market is very difficult. The buyer s markets, the China Price, the preference for local suppliers, guanxi, all make it a tough place to carve out market share. 

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