Strategies preventive

The aim of preventive strategies is to use the opportunities to improve corrosion control in all economic sectors, which will result in increased integrity, durability, and 

Okamoto Report of the Committee on Corrosion and Protection a Survey of the Cost of Corrosion in Japan, Japan Society of Corrosion Engineering and Japan Association of Corrosion Control, 1977. 

Shibata, JSCE Activities for Cost of Corrosion in Japan , EuroCorr 2000, London, UK, Sept. 2000. 

NACE International Coating Inspector Training and Certification Program (course notes), NACE International, 1996. 

Corrosion Costs and Preventive Strategies in the United States, U.S. Dept, of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Springfield, VA, 2002. 

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Too little maintenance results in unexpected failures and consequential major losses of production and/or customers (Figure 7-1). This impractical approach is termed reactive strategy and should be avoided on all important machinery. Optimum maintenance strategy balances reasonable costs with maximum possible availability and reliability. The two main maintenance strategies employed by companies today are labelled predictive strategy and preventive strategy. These are part of a balanced approach as shown in Figure 7-2. 

Veloeity readings (all bearing housings), at normal load PREVENTIVE STRATEGY... 

In eontrast with the predietive strategy, a preventive strategy aims toward maximum safety against unexpeeted failures. The basie eoneept is to prediet the average lifespan of a part and then replaee it before the end of that lifespan. Annual eost is therefore higher (8%-10% of the prime equipment priee) beeause it is neeessary to purehase and warehouse more spare parts. 

The answers to these questions are clearly dependent on the quality of the PIFs in the situation under consideration, for example, labeling or procedures. The consequences of the error, the factors that will support recovery of the error before the consequences occur, and the error prevention strategies will all be considered during the analysis. 

The method is well-structured and provides clear, standardized procedures on how to conduct an investigation and represent the incident process. Also it is relatively easy to learn and does not require the analyst to have a detailed knowledge of the system under investigation. However, the method alone does not aid the analyst in identifying root causes of the incident, but rather emphasizes the identification of the propagation of event sequences. This is an important aspect of developing a preventive strategy. 

In general, the value of a psychological perspective in incident analysis is that it directs the analyst to search for causes that would not otherwise have been considered. This means that the development of preventative strategies will be better informed. In addition, an evaluation of causes from a psychological perspective can be useful when the "root cause" appears to be an otherwise incomprehensible failure on the part of an individual. A psychological analysis can break the "causal log jam" by providing an explanation. 

Where problems are identified, the causes should be determined together with possible remedies and future prevention strategies. If problems are identified, it is likely that the water treatment representative will be called on to explain the causes and provide answers. 

Estimates of the lifetime COl are needed for temporal and international comparisons and for assessment of the efficiency of prevention strategies. During the first years of HIV/AIDS treatment, direct lifetime costs were only estimated by simple projections based on retrospective data. Later, specific statistical tools were adopted to estimate life expectancy and lifetime costs. The results of lifetime estimates are very sensitive to imputed assumptions. Table 4 demonstrates some studies in this field. 

Try to avoid this drug combination Preventative strategies... 

The first preventative strategy is to address any reversible risk... 

Formulate an appropriate prevention strategy for a patient at risk for deep vein thrombosis. 

Given that VTE is often clinically silent and potentially fatal, prevention strategies have the greatest potential to improve patient outcomes.2 To rely on the early diagnosis and treatment of VTE is unacceptable because many patients will die before treatment can be initiated. Furthermore, even clinically silent disease is associated with long-term morbidity from the postthrombotic syndrome and predisposes the patient to future thromboembolic events. Despite an immense body of literature that overwhelmingly supports the widespread use of... 

Level of Risk Calf Vein Thrombosis (%) Symptomatic PE (%) Fatal PE (%) Prevention Strategies... 

Design a patient education plan including nonpharmacologic therapy and preventative strategies. 

The main prevention strategies include ensuring a safe water supply and safe food preparation, improving sanitation, and patient education. Several oral vaccines are in development, and two are available in countries outside the United States.22-27 However, these vaccines do not provide protection against all cases of cholera because the immunity maybe overcome by high inocula.2... 

Though previous literature suggests several prevention strategies, a combination of efforts may be more advisable. Alteration in sexual behavior should undoubtedly be the first counseling concern, as promiscuous sexual activity has been shown to augment the probability of infection. 

The use of effective prevention strategies can decrease the incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis to less than 5% in patients receiving cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide. There are three methods to reduce the risk administration of mesna, hyperhydration, and bladder irrigation with catheterization. 

Chemotherapy extravasation may be avoided in many cases by the use of successful prevention strategies. The most important preventative measure is proper patient education. 

Pharmacologic prevention strategies for tumor lysis syndrome are aimed at low- and high-risk patients (Fig. 96-7). Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that is used for prevention only because it has no effect on preexisting elevated uric acid. Rasburicase is a recombinant form of urate oxidase that is useful for both prevention and treatment but is extremely expensive (Table 96-12). Although the approved dose is 0.2 mg/kg per day... 

What techniques and prevention strategies should be employed to decrease the risk of an extravasation ... 

Needleman HL University of Pittsburgh at Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA Lead exposure is related to delinquent behavior understand one of the causal factors of delinquent and aggressive behavior, and plan effective preventive strategies National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences... 

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