Laws governing

National governments play an extensive role in assessing and licensing decommissioning options. Most countries which have offshore oil and natural gas installations have laws governing decommissioning. 

Each of these reactions is characterized by a propagation constant which is labeled by a two-digit subscript The first number identifies the terminal repeat unit in the growing radical, and the second identifies the adding monomer. The rate laws governing these four reactions are... 

The 1976 Copyright Act is the basic law governing copyright in the late twentieth century (2). But the principles and provisions of the 1909 act are still important, eg, in the provisions regarding duration. There have been many significant amendments to the 1976 act since it went into effect on January 1,1978. 

Formulation. The expression of the problem in mathematical language. That translation is based on the appropriate physical laws governing the process. 

If a pollutant is removed from the carrying gas stream, disposal of the collected material becomes of vital concern. If the collected material is truly inert, it may be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. If it is at the other end of the scale, it is probably considered as a toxic waste and strict laws governing its disposal apply. Disposal of hazardous wastes is regulated by governmental agencies. 

As Morawetz puts the matter, an acceptance of the validity of the laws governing colligative properties (i.e., properties such as osmotic pressure) for polymer solutions had no bearing on the question whether the osmotically active particle is a molecule or a molecular aggregate . The colloid chemists, as we have seen, in regard to polymer solutions came to favour the second alternative, and hence created the standoff with the proponents of macromolecular status outlined above. 

Chemistry is the science of chemicals which studies the laws governing their formation, combination and behaviour under various conditions. Some of the key physical laws as they influence chemical safety are discussed in Chapter 4. 

For modeling, the similitude laws governing modeling must be followed. The topics of dynamic similitude and theory of models are discussed in most textbooks on fluid mechanics,and only the resulting equations are discussed here. 

W. Wien (Wurzburg) the laws governing the radiation of heat. 

J. Franck (Gottingen) and G. Hertz (Halle) discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom. 

A wide variety of federal regulations as well as state and local laws govern the supply of water to domestic and industrial premises. Within these are included the statutory undertakings for preventing waste, undue consumption, misuse and contamination of water supplied by the various authorities. 

If the PBR is less than unity, the oxide will be non-protective and oxidation will follow a linear rate law, governed by surface reaction kinetics. However, if the PBR is greater than unity, then a protective oxide scale may form and oxidation will follow a reaction rate law governed by the speed of transport of metal or environmental species through the scale. Then the degree of conversion of metal to oxide will be dependent upon the time for which the reaction is allowed to proceed. For a diffusion-controlled process, integration of Pick s First Law of Diffusion with respect to time yields the classic Tammann relationship commonly referred to as the Parabolic Rate Law ... 

As already remarked in the introduction, the formulation of the laws governing heterogeneous equilibria by Bakhuis Roozeboom1 was partly based on his studies on gas hydrates. Although the general laws he derived are certainly correct, and have marked an important step in the development of physical chemistry, Roozeboom and his contempories were mistaken in the nature of the phase diagram of gas hydrates gas hydrates are not stoichiometric... 

The distinguishing features of the polymerization and copolymerization to these interesting monomers have been described in a number of papers48 49 There are, however, no systematic investigations described in the literature to study the laws governing the reaction of AN copolymerization with quartemary salts of substituted vinyl pyridines. 

When PAN block copolymers are synthesized with the help of such method the reaction is conducted during a period of time (20—30 min) shorter than the induction period of AN polymerization (45 min) in the presence of cerium ions. When the mechanism and the laws governing the reaction of AN copolymerization with PEO and PPO were studied, it was established that the initiation of the block copolymerization proceeds in accordance with the following scheme ... 

Discuss the laws governing the manufacture, distribution, and sale of drugs. 

The interpretation of the factors mentioned above in the context of palaeodietary research is not straightforward a lack of nitrogen isotope data in relevant plant species makes the situation even more complicated. The observed variability in plants, even within ecosystems, is so extensive and so unpredictable that modelling of the behaviour of natural nitrogen abundances in plants is fraught with difficulties because there are no simple, universal laws governing the site-specific details of the N cycle, there will be no simple, universal laws of 8 N (in plants) (Handley and Raven 1992 Handley and Scrimgeour 1996). 

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