Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives, Adhesive Tapes

In their processible mixture, these one-component products, also belonging to physically setting adhesives, consist of two components PVC (polyvinyl chloride-) particles and plasticizers (Section 9.2.9). The solid PVC particles are disperged in the high-viscosity plasticizer. The adhesive layer formation occurs by heating (120-180 °C), when the thermoplastic PVC swells and is thus able to absorb the plasticizer (no chemical reaction ). This process is called a sol-gel process. The formerly two-phase system (sol) is turned into a single-phase system (gel) by the inclusion of the plasticizer. 

They are typically applied as adhesive sealants in bodywork manufacturing (fold bonding and flange bonding, vibration insulation, corrosion protection) and as sealants in bottle and glass caps. For environmental reasons (hydrochloric acid separation in the case of thermal disposal), PVC plastisols are increasingly being replaced by acrylate-plastisols and epoxy systems. 

Adhesive surface Foamed adhesive layer Adhesive surface 

Release film Adhesive layer Substrate Adhesive layer 

Two-sided adhesive tape with release liner 

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This test method is preferably used for the comparative evaluation of adhesives and surface pretreatment methods, since it enables the indication of the differences in the adhesive and cohesive behavior of the adhesive layers with high sensitivity. Pressure-sensitive adhesives (adhesive tapes, adhesive labels) are also tested according to this principle. 

When joining is required over the entire surface, pressure-sensitive adhesives, adhesive tape systems, or hot-melt adhesive foils can be used. For health reasons, conventional rubber-based solvent cements are used rarely today. There is a trend to replace them with hot melts or water-based adhesives. With new application techniques the hot melts can be... 

Test Method for Impact Strength of Adhesive Bonds Test Method for Tensile Properties of Adhesive Bonds Test Methods for Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Coated Tapes Used for Electrical and Electronic Applications... 

Chem. Descrip. Low m.w. polymeric adipate polyester Uses Plasticizer for pressure-sensitive adhesives, elec, tape, coated fabrics, high temp. elec, applies., paper coatings Features Imparts low temp, flexibility nonvolatile flexible nonmigratoty permanent low vise. 

Chem. Descrip. Phthalate ester of tech, hydroabietyl alcohol Uses Tackifier for NR, SBR, NBR, CR, chlorinated rubbers, EVA, acrylics, polyamides for cements, hot-melt and pressure-sensitive adhesives, sealants, tapes, laminants, specialty nitrocellulose lacquers, printing inks Properties Pale solid sol. in esters, ketones, higher alcohols, coal tar, petrol, hydrocarbons dens. 1.05 kg/l soften, pt. 63 C acid no. 6 sapon. no. 129 ref. index 1.527 Cellosize ER-15M [Dow]... 

Sakayanagi,M.,etaL "Identification of Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Polypropylene Tape." Journal cf Forensic Sciences 48 (2003), -76. 

In general, thermoplastic elastomer hot-melt adhesives are not as strong as polyesters. However, they exhibit good flexibility, high elongation, toughness, and vibration resistance. Polyurethanes and block terpolymers are used as hot-melt pressure-sensitive adhesives in tapes and labels and for nonwoven applications. 

Vector SBS, SIS, and SB styrenic block copolymers are produced as diblock-free and diblock copolymers. The company s process to make linear SBCs yields virtually no diblock residuals. Residual styrene butadiene and styrene isoprene require endblocks at both ends of the polymer to have a load-bearing segment in the elastomeric network. However, diblocks are blended into the copolymer for certain apphcations. Vector SBCs are injection molded, extruded, and formulated into pressure-sensitive adhesives for tapes and labels, hot-melt product-assembly adhesives, construction adhesives, mastics, sealants, and asphalt modifiers. The asphalts are used to make membranes for single-ply roofing and waterproofing systems, binders for pavement construction and repair, and... 

J 12 1991 Specification for pressure-sensitive adhesive identification tape. 

John Johnston was bom in England in 1925, the same year Richard Drew introduced masking tape to the world. Essentially, Johnston was born in the birth year of industrial tape, and his life would be forever intertwined with the development and testing of pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) tape and the tape industry. 

Tape adhesives can be made thermally conductive by the dispersion of small articles of a conductive filler such as Saint-Gobain boron nitride (BN) PCTH3MHF and spherical aluminum oxide (AI2O3) available from Denka Corp. [42]. For example, 3M Corp offers pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) tapes filled with thermally conductive ceramic particles and flame retardant fillers. This product is designed with a thin polyester (PET) film and a soft acrylic polymer. It conforms to surfaces to which it adheres thus providing contact surface area for heat transfer [43]. 

Temins SC. Pressure-sensitive adhesives for tapes and labels. In Sfceist I, editor. Handbook of adhesives. 3rd ed. New York, NY Van Nostrand Reinhold 1990. Soft cover reprinted 2013 [Chapter 38]. 

Adhesives. Acryhc emulsion and solution polymers form the basis of a variety of adhesive types. The principal use is in pressure-sensitive adhesives, where a film of a very low T (<—20 " C) acrylic polymer or copolymer is used on the adherent side of tapes, decals, and labels. Acrylics provide a good balance of tack and bond strength with exceptional color stabiUty and resistance to aging (201,202). AcryUcs also find use in numerous types of constmction adhesive formulations and as film-to-film laminating adhesives (qv). 

Cellulosics. CeUulosic adhesives are obtained by modification of cellulose [9004-34-6] (qv) which comes from cotton linters and wood pulp. Cellulose can be nitrated to provide cellulose nitrate [9004-70-0] which is soluble in organic solvents. When cellulose nitrate is dissolved in amyl acetate [628-63-7] for example, a general purpose solvent-based adhesive which is both waterproof and flexible is formed. Cellulose esterification leads to materials such as cellulose acetate [9004-35-7], which has been used as a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape backing. Cellulose can also be ethoxylated, providing hydroxyethylceUulose which is useful as a thickening agent for poly(vinyl acetate) emulsion adhesives. Etherification leads to materials such as methylceUulose [9004-67-5] which are soluble in water and can be modified with glyceral [56-81-5] to produce adhesives used as wallpaper paste (see Cellulose esters Cellulose ethers). 

Ziac foil coated with a conductive, pressure-sensitive adhesive is used for repair of other ziac coatings or for imparting corrosion resistance at field sites. The 0.08-mm ziac tape or sheet has a 0.025-mm coaductive adhesive. The laminate is cut to size and pressed tightly to activate the adhesive. Conductive tape can be wrapped around pipe, especially around welds or connections. The corrosion resistance of this material is iatermediate between galvanized or thermally sprayed coatings and zinc-filled paints (21,50). 

Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives. SiHcoae PSAs are used primarily ia specialty tape appHcatioas that require the superior properties of siHcoaes, including resistance to harsh chemical environments and temperature extremes (398,399). SiHcone PSAs are also used ia appHcatioas requiring long service Hfe, electrical iasulatioa, and protection from moisture. Another distinctive advantage of siHcone PSAs is their abiHty to wet low surface energy tape substrates such as PTEE. 

A number of higher poly(vinyl ether)s, in particular the ethyl and butyl polymers, have found use as adhesives. When antioxidants are incorporated, pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes from poly(vinyl ethyl ether) are said to have twice the shelf life of similar tapes from natural rubber. Copolymers of vinyl isobutyl ether with methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate (Acronal series) and with vinyl chloride have been commercially marketed. The first two products have been used as adhesives and impregnating agents for textile, paper and leather whilst the latter (Vinoflex MP 400) has found use in surface coatings. 

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