Pressure Pascal, Blaise

Pascal, Blaise (1623-1662) was born in Clermont-Ferrand, France and died in Paris. The SI unit of pressure (stress) is named after him. He argued against Descartes in favor of the existence of vacuum. 

Pascal, Blaise (1623-1662) French mathematician, physicist, and religious philosopher, he studied fluids, and clarified the concepts of pressure and vacuum by generalizing the work of Evangelista Torricelli. 

Pascal, Blaise (1623-62) French mathematician and physicist. An infant prodigy, he had aheady made a mechanical calculating machine by 1642. in physics he formulated Pascal s law concerning fluid pressure and the principle behind the hydraulic press. The Si unit of pressure is named after him. 

Pascal, Blaise (1623-62) A French mathematician, physicist, and thinker on religion and philosophy. With help from his brother-in-law, he arranged an experiment on the Puy de Dome, a mountain in the Auvergne, and was able to show that the height of mercury in a barometer decreases with elevation. He also discovered that liquids transmit pressure in all directions. To show how columns of liquid balance one another, he designed Pascal s vases which are unusually shaped vessels but the pressure at the bottom of each when filled to the same depth is the same. The unit of pressure is named after him. He suffered ill health throughout most of his life and died at the early age of 39. 

The unit is named after the French scientist and philosopher Blaise Pascal, who contributed to the study of the pressure of gases in his spare time. 

Pressure is defined as force per unit area. In the International System of Units (SI, or mks), unit pressure corresponds to one newton per square meter, which is denoted as one pascal or Pa (named after Blaise Pascal, the seventeenth-century French scientist). There are several other, more commonly used pressure units, however. One is the atmosphere or atm it is... 

Blaise Pascal in the mid-1600s determined the relationship between pressure and the height of a liquid in a barometer. He also helped to establish the scientific method. The SI unit of pressure is named after him. 

Units of pressure The SI unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa). It is named for Blaise Pascal, a French mathematician and philosopher. The pascal is derived from the SI unit of force, the newton (N), which is derived from three SI base units the kilogram, the meter, and the second. One pascal is equal to a force of one newton per square meter 1 Pa = 1 N/m. Many fields of science still use more traditional units of pressure. For example, engineers often report pressure as pounds per square inch (psi). The pressures measured by barometers and manometers can be reported in milhmeters of mercury (mm Hg). There also is a unit called the torr, which is named to honor Torricelli. One torr is equal to one mm Hg. 

The SI emit for measuring pressure is the pascal (Pa), named after the French physicist Blaise Pascal (1623-1662). Because the pascal is a small pressure emit, it is more convenient to use the Idlopascal. As you recall from Chapter 1, the prefix kilo- means 1000 so, 1 Idlopascal (kPa) is equivalent to 1000 pascals. One standard atmosphere is equivalent to 101.3 Idlopascals. 

It is named after the French physicist Blaise Pascal (1623-1662). So, inter alia, air pressure is indicated in hectopascal (hPa = 102 Pa, former 1 atmosphere atm = 1013,25 hPa). Basis is the Law on Units in Metrology of the year 1970. This unit is applicable to each area-related or cross-section-related force. From the relationship... 

The English system equivalent is a pressure of 14.7 Ib/in (poimds per square inch) or 29.9 in Hg (inches of mercury). A recommended, yet less frequently used, systematic unit is the pascal (or kUopascal), named in honor of Blaise Pascal, a seventeenth-century French mathematician and scientist ... 

FIGURE 143. A figure from Blaise Pascal s Traitez de I Equilibre des Liqueurs, et de La Pesanteur de La Masse de L Air (Paris, 1663) depicting a highly stylized barometer. He sent his brother-in-law Perier to measure the atmospheric pressure on a mountain top (courtesy Edgar Fahs Smith Collection, Rare Book and Manuscript Library, University of Pennsylvania). 

A physical quantity is composed of a dimensionless number and the unit. If a car is moving with 90kmh, as referred to commonly in newspapers, then 90 is the dimensionless number and kmh is the unit. Here we must take care because in the present case kmh is an abbreviation for a composed unit. In particular, kmh does not mean km h, but it means km h and what is given in the newspapers is not just wrong, but it is highly misleading. Even in the sciences, we have sometimes such a situation. For example, the unit for the pressure is Pa, i.e., Pascal, in honor to Blaise PascalJ On the other hand. Pa may be understood as Peta years, with P for 10 and a as the abbreviation for year, from the Latin word annum. 

The SI unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa), named for Blaise Pascal (1623—1662), a French scientist who studied pressure 1 Pa = 1 N/m. A related pressure unit is the bar 1 bar = 10 Pa = 10 N/m. Thus, the atmospheric pressure at sea level we just calculated, 100 kPa, can be reported as 1 bar. (The actual atmospheric pressure at any location depends on weather conditions and altitude.) Another pressure unit is pounds per square inch (psi, Ibs/in. ). At sea level, atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psi. 

Pascals law In a confined fluid, externally applied pressure is transmitted uniformly in all directions. In a static fluid, force is transmitted at the speed of sound throughout the fluid and acts at right angles to any surface in or bounding the fluid. This principle is made use of in the hydraulic jack, the pneumatic tyre, and similar devices. The law was discovered in 1647 by Blaise Pascal. 

The pascal is the SI unit of pressure. One pascal is the pressure generated by a force of 1 newton acting on an area of 1 square meter. It is a rather small unit as defined and is more often used as a kilopascal [kPa]. It is named after the French mathematician, physicist and philosopher Blaise Pascal (1623-62). 

Pascal pas- kal [Blaise Pascal] (1956) (Pa) n. The SI unit of pressure and stress, equal to 1 Newton per square meter (N/m ). The pascal and its multiples are intended to supersede all other units of force per unit area such as pounds per square inch, atmosphere, torr, etc (Ipsi = 6.894,757 kPa, latm = 101.3250kPa, and Itorr = 133.322Pa). 

Barometry measures a broad variety of pressures using an equally broad variety of measurement techniques, including liquid column methods, elastic element methods, and electrical sensors. Electrical sensors include resistance strain gauges, capacitances, piezoresistive instruments, and piezoelectric devices. The technologies range from those developed by French mathematician Blaise Pascal, Greek mathematician Archimedes, and Torricelli to early twenty-first century MEMS sensors and those used to conduct nanoscale materials science. 

During the Renaissance, Europeans developed instruments that could refine these ancient Greek theories. The Italian scientist Galileo, for example, used a closed glass container with a system of gauges that showed how air expands and contracts at different temperatures (the principle of the thermometer). The French philosopher Blaise Pascal developed what became the barometer, a device to measure surrounding levels of atmospheric pressure. 

The SI (International System of Units) unit of pressure is the pascal, noted as Pa, and named to honor Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), a French mathematician and philosopher. One Pa is one newton of force applied over one square meter of area - a tiny exertion. One Torr is equal to 133.322 Pa. 

The word hazard comes from the Arabic az zahr (a die, plural dice). Risk comes from the Itahan risicare to dare. Blaise Pascal (of the pressure units) developed the idea of risk in the seventeenth century with the statement Fear of harm ought to be proportional not merely to the gravity of the harm but also to the probability of the event . 

Blaise Pascal was a French scientist who discovered that pressure in a fluid is transmitted equally In all directions. Pascal successfully described the effects of pressure in a liquid and established the scientific foundation for hydraulics. Key facts for process technicians to remember in regard to Pascal s law are that pressure in a fluid is transmitted equally in all directions, molecules in liquids move freely, and molecules are close together in a liquid. 

The SI unit of pressure, kg/(m s ), is given the name pascal (Pa), after the French physicist Blaise Pascal (1623—1662), who studied fluid pressure. Note that the pressure exerted by a coin the size and mass of a penny is approximately 100 Pa. The pressure exerted by the atmosphere is about 1000 times larger, or about 100,000 Pa. Thus, the pascal is an extremely small unit. 

This SI unit of pressure is called the pascal (Pa) in the honour of the French mathematician and physicist Blaise Pascal. 1 Pa = INm and 1000Pa = 1 kilopascal, abbreviated as kPa. 

A pressure of 1 mm Hg is also called 1 torr to honor Torricelli for his invention of the barometer. The average atmospheric pressure at sea level at 0°C is 760 mm Hg. Pressures are often measured in units of atmospheres. One atmosphere of pressure (atm) is defined as being exactly equivaient to 760 mm Hg. In SI, pressure is expressed in derived units called pascals. The unit is named for Blaise Pascal, a French mathematician and philosopher who studied pressure during the seventeenth century. One pascai (Pa) is defined as the pressure exerted by a force of one newton (1 N) acting on an area of one square meter. In many cases, it is more convenient to express pressure in kilopascals (kPa). The standard atmosphere (1 atm) is equal to 1.013 25 x 10 Pa, or 101.325 kPa. Several pressure units and common uses for them are summarized in Figure 1.5. 

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