Potassium effervescent tablets

When electrolytes are administered parenterally, the dosage is expressed in milliequivalents (mEq), for example, calcium gluconate 7 mEq IV When administered orally, sodium bicarbonate, calcium, and magnesium dosages are expressed in milligrams (mg). Potassium liquids and effervescent tablet dosses are expressed in milliequivalents capsule or tablet dosses may be expressed as milliequivalents or milligrams. 

Soluble, effervescent tablets are prepared by compression. In addition to active ingredients, they contain mixtures of acids (citric acid, tartaric acid) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCOs) that release carbon dioxide when dissolved in water. The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) 24 includes the following seven monographs Acetaminophen for Effervescent Oral Solution Aspirin Effervescent Tablets for Oral Solution Potassium Bicarbonate Effervescent Tablets for Oral Solution Potassium Bicarbonate and Potassium Chloride for Effervescent Oral Solution Potassium Bicarbonate and Potassium Chloride Effervescent Tablets for Oral Solution Potassium and Sodium Bicarbonates and Citric Acid for Oral Solution and Potassium Chloride, Potassium Bicarbonate, and Potassium Citrate Effervescent Tablets for Oral Solution. ... 

Potassium carbonate The moisture scavenging effect of potassium carbonate in effervescent tablets has been investigated. ... 

Potassium and sodium bicarbonates and citric acid effervescent tablets, USP... 

Gusman S, Gregoriades D. Effervescent potassium chloride tablet. United States Patent No. 3,903,255 1975. 

As an excipient, potassium bicarbonate is generally used in formulations as a source of carbon dioxide in effervescent preparations, at concentrations of 25-50% w/w. It is of particular use in formulations where sodium bicarbonate is unsuitable, for example, when the presence of sodium ions in a formulation needs to be limited or is undesirable. Potassium bicarbonate is often formulated with citric acid or tartaric acid in effervescent tablets or granules on contact with water, carbon dioxide is released through chemical reaction, and the product disintegrates. On occasion, the presence of potassium bicarbonate alone may be sufficient in tablet formulations, as reaction with gastric acid can be sufficient to cause effervescence and product disintegration. 

GRAS listed. Accepted as a food additive in Europe (the E number E501 refers to potassium carbonates). Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the UK and USA (chewable tablets effervescent granules effervescent tablets lozenges oral granules oral suspensions). Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients. 

Many solid-dosage forms of potassium chloride exist including tablets prepared by direct compression and granulation effervescent tablets coated, sustained-release tablets " sustained-release wax matrix tablets micro-capsules pellets and osmotic pump formulations. ... 

K-Lyte (potassium bicarbonate) Effervescent tablet. Correction 40-80 mEq in three to four divided doses... 

Lubricant substances which are reported in literature as suitable for effervescent manufacturing because they are water soluble are sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, L-leucine, and Carbowax 4000. A very recent application is a combination of calcium and potassium sorbates, micronized polyethylene glycol with calcium ascorbate or trisodium citrate (20). Combination of spray-dried L-leucine and polyethylene glycol 6000 has been reported as a successful lubricant in the literature (21). Other less soluble lubricants have been used in formulating effervescent tablets, however, a balance should be found between compression efficiency and water solubility. Magnesium stearate is also employed but the most suitable, commercially available type is its combination with sodium lauryl sulfate, a surface-active agent that helps in its dispersion (22). 

Effervescent Tablets of Potassium, B.P.C. Each tablet contains 500 mg of potassium bicarbonate, 300 mg of potassium acid tartrate with anhydrous citric acid, sucrose and saccharin. 

Potassium bicarbonate/potassium K-Lyte (Bristol) 25 mEq bicarbonate/tablet 25 mEq tablet (effervescent) ... 

Tablets, effervescent 20 mEq potassium (from potassium bicarbonate) (Rx) K + Care ET (AIra)...

From the foiiowing data caicuiate the potassium content per tabiet in effervescent KCI bicarbonate tablets. 

To overcome insufficient stability in liquid state, dispersible tablets and effervescent dosage forms provide a dry alternative to liquid but are not without inherent issues (large volume of diluent, bicarbonate ingestion, sodium and/or potassium content not suitable for renally impaired patients, difficult taste masking). 

Verain and coworkers (3) described the formulation of an effervescent paracetamol tablet dosed at 500 mg, containing saccharose and sorbitol as diluents. Other components were anhydrous citric acid, sodium or potassium bicarbonate, PVP, and sodium benzoate. The tablets were characterised by measurement of a number of responses, in particular the friability, the volume of carbon dioxide produced per tablet when it is put in water, and the time over which the tablet effervesced. The objective was to study the effects of 4 factors, the quantities of sorbitol and of citric acid per tablet, the nature of the bicarbonate (whether sodium or potassium bicarbonate), and the effect of different tableting forces on these responses. The... 

The first effervescent preparations were described over two centuries ago in the official compendia they were in powder form for use as cathartic salts. Later, in 1815, a patent described a combination of neutral salt or powder which possesses all the properties of the medicinal spring of Seidlitz in Germany, under the name of Seidlitz Powders, which contains sodium potassium tartarate, sodium bicarbonate, and tartaric acid, in the proportions 3 1 1, respectively (1). Effervescent granules and tablets have become more and more popular as the dosage form because they are readily soluble and easy to consume just by drinking the glass of water where they are dissolved. 

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