Potassium alkyl sulphate

Phosphorus pentaselenide is heated with a mixture of concentrated potassium or sodium hydroxide and potassium alkyl sulphate, the resulting product being fractionated ... 

An alloy of potassium and tellurium is treated with a concentrated aqueous solution of the barium alkyl sulphate ... 

The thio-ethers are neutral volatile compounds of little importance. Reaction CLXI. Action of Sodium or Potassium Sulphide on Alkyl Halides or Alkyl Sulphates. (B., 27,1239.)... 

The effects of a range of sodium n-alkyl sulphates and sodium n-alkyl sulphonates upon the mechanical stability of natural rubber latex are summarised in Figures 4 and 5 respectively. As in the case of added potassium fatty-acid soaps, small additions of... 

Alkyl derivatives other than halides have been used to form pyridinium salts. Potassium ethyl sulphate gives the ethyl-pyridinium salt i and dimethyl sulphate is nd alkyl toluenesulphonates i quaternize pyridine. Primary and secondary alkyl nitrates and polymethylene dinitrates have also been used, but with t-butyl and cyclohexyl nitrate only elimination occurs320. 2,4,6-Trinitro-anisole and -phenetole convert pyridine into the alkylpyridinium picrates32i. 

Mono-alkyl ethers of ethylene glycol, ROCHjCHjOH. The mono methyl, ethyl and n-butyl ethers are inexpensive and are known as methyl cellosolve, cellosolve, and butyl cellosolve respectively. They are completely miscible with water, and are excellent solvents. The commercial products are purified by drying over anhydrous potassium carbonate or anhydrous calcium sulphate, followed by fractionation after... 

By the action of KCN on the alkyl iodide or ullcyl potassium sulphate,... 

Fig. 4. HPHIC of standard proteins on the weak hydrophobic columns. The SynChro-pack PROPYL column was 25x0.41 cm Poly (alkyl aspartamid)-silicas were packed into 20 x 0.46 cm columns. Sample 25 pi containing 25 pg of each protein in buffer A. Buffer A 1.8 mol/1 ammonium sulphate + 0.1 mol/1 potassium phosphate, pH 7.0. Buffer B 0.1 mol/1 potassium phosphate, pH 7.0. Gradient 40-min linear 0-100% buffer B. Flow rate 1 ml/min. Detection A220 = 1-28 a.u.f.s. Peaks a = cytochrome C, b = ribonu-clease A, c = myoglobin, d = conalbumin, e = neochymotrypsin, / = a-chymotrypsin, g - a-chymotrypsinogen A [48]...

The diselenides, RSe.SeR, are prepared by the interaction of potassium diselenide and dialkyl sulphates or alkyl halides ... 

Hard surface cleaners Alkyl benzene sulphonates Alkanolamides Fatty alcohol ethoxylates Potassium oleic acid sulphonate Shorter chain alcohol ether sulphates Detergency high/low foaming... 

Many methods have been devised for the /V-alkylation of isatins. These derivatives are commonly synthesized from the reaction of the sodium salt of isatin with alkyl halides or sulphates . Various methods for the preparation of this salt have been reported, and include the reaction of isatin with sodium hydride, either in toluene under reflux74 or in DMF75. Other methods include the use of potassium carbonate in DMF76,77 or in acetone78. In the latter case an aldol reaction of the solvent also occurs with the C-3 carbonyl of the isatin derivative. 

For the formation of nitro derivatives mild conditions are essential to avoid replacement of the branched alkyl group (ref. 88). The nitration of 6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol and methylation of the product 6-tert-butyl-2,4-dinitro-3-methylphenol in xylene containing potassium carbonate with dimethyl sulphate offers an alternative to the classical route for musk ambrette. Hazards can be involved in this more well-known procedure consisting of the nitration of 6-tert-butyl-3-methylanisole (ref. 89) in acetic anhydride. 

A more convenient method of alkylation is through an ion-pair extraction method using the tetrabutylammonium salt, which is better than the alkylation of thallium(i) salts. Also, in these cases dimethyl sulphate gives predominantly O-methylation. Oxidative coupling of the 2,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxythiophen system with potassium ferricyanide yields a mixture of the racemic and meso-foims of (112). 2,5-Di-t-butyl-3-hydroxythiophen, on the other hand, gives (112a). Treatment of 2-t-butoxy-3-thienylmethanols (113) with toluene-p-sulphonic acid at elevated... 

N-Substituted amides can be N-alkylated by alkyl halides using a two-phase system of solid NaOH-KaCOs in refluxing benzene with tetra-n-butylammonium hydrogen sulphate as phase-transfer catalyst." This method works well for the limited range of compounds studied. Potassium t-butoxide in ether containing small amounts of a crown ether has similarly been used to N-alkylate some iV-arylbenzanilides." N-Aryl-jS-keto-amides can be N-alkylated under standard conditions (NaH-DMF-RX) after first blocking the sensitive jS-keto-amide function by formation of a difluoro-oxyborane complex with BFs-EtjO. ... 

The alkylation of 3-aminopyridine has not been reported. 3-Toluene-/>-sulphonamidopyridine reacts with dimethyl sulphate, in the presence of potassium carbonate, at the exocyclic nitrogen atom i, whilst 3-nitramino-pyridine, like its 2-isomer, reacts at the ring nitrogen atom, a betaine being formed is . 

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