Postsynaptic densities

Saez ET, Pehar M, Vargas MR, Barbeito L, Maccioni RB (2006) Production of nerve growth factor by beta-amyloid-stimulated astrocytes induces p75NTR-dependent tau hyperphosphorylation in cultured hippocampal neurons. J Neurosci Res 84 1098-1106 Sala C, Roussignol G, Meldolesi J, Fagni L (2005) Key role of the postsynaptic density scaffold proteins Shank and Homer in the functional architecture of Ca homeostasis at dendritic spines in hippocampal neurons. J Neurosci 25 4587 592 Santello M, Volterra A (2008) Synaptic modulation by astrocytes via Ca(2-l-)-dependent glutamate release. Neuroscience 158 253-9... 

GMBS or sulfo-GMBS have been used for studying carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 in its formation of a complex within the outer mitochondrial membrane (Faye et al., 2007), for investigating protein organization of the postsynaptic density (Liu et al., 2006), and in studying the structure and dynamics of rhodopsin (Jacobsen et al., 2006). 

Liu, S.-H., Cheng, H.-H., Huang, S.-Y., Yiu, P.-C., and Chang, Y.-C. (2006) Studying the protein organization of the postsynaptic density by a novel solid phase- and chemical cross-linking-based technology. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 5, 1019-1032. 

IONOTROPIC AND METABOTROPIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS ARE PRINCIPAL PROTEINS AT THE POSTSYNAPTIC DENSITY 273... 

PROTEINS OF THE POSTSYNAPTIC DENSITY MEDIATE INTRACELLULAR EFFECTS OF GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR ACTIVATION 284... 

It is noteworthy that Src-induced increase in NR1-NR2A receptor activity is promoted by the coexpression of postsynaptic density protein known as PSD-95 [37]. PSD-95 is a scaffolding protein consisting of multiple protein-protein interaction domains - three N-terminal PDZ domains, an SH3 domain and a C-terminal guanyl-ate kinase domain. The first two PDZ domains interact with the NR2 C-terminal tails while the third PDZ domain... 

Moon, I. S., Apperson, M. L. and Kennedy, M. B. The major tyrosine-phosphorylated protein in the postsynaptic density fraction is N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 3954-3958,1994. 

Bergersen, L., Waerhaug, O., Helm, J. et al. A novel postsyn-aptic density protein the monocarboxylate transporter MCT2 is co-localized with delta-glutamate receptors in postsynaptic densities of parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses. Exp. Brain Res. 136 523-34,2001. 

Migaud, M., Charlesworth, P., Dempster, M. et al. Enhanced long-term potentiation and impaired learning in mice with mutant postsynaptic density-95 protein. Nature 396 433-439, 1998. 

NMDA receptors are anchored in the postsynaptic density (PSD95, 95 kDa), a complex with which over 80 proteins have been associated (see Ch. 15). Postmortem studies have examined the expression of the subunits of the NMDA receptors as well as components of the PSD [29]. In one study in the thalamus, the NR1 and NR2B subunits were decreased in schizophrenia and PSD95, SAP102 (Synapse Associated Protein kDa 102) and NF-L (Neurofilament-Light), components of the PSD, were also significantly reduced with the latter reduction also found in bipolar disorder. Similarly, other studies have shown... 

Naisbitt, S., Kim, E., Tu, J. C., et al. (1999) Shank, a novel family of postsynaptic density proteins that binds to the NMDA receptor/PSD-95/GKAP complex and cortactin. Neuron 23, 569-582. 

Fallon, L., et al., Parkin and CASK/ LIN-2 associate via a PDZ-mediated interaction and are co-localized in lipid rafts and postsynaptic densities... 

Bach, A., Chi, C.N., Olsen, T.B., Pedersen, S.W., Roder, M.U., Pang, G.F., Clausen, R.P., Jemth, P. and Stromgaard, K. (2008) Modified Peptides as Potent Inhibitors offhe Postsynaptic Density-95/ N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Interaction. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 51, 6450-6459. 

Liaw WI et al Distinct expression of synaptic NR2A and NR2B in the central nervous system and impaired morphine tolerance and physical dependence in mice deficient in postsynaptic density-93 protein. Mol Pain 2008 4 45. [PMID 18851757]... 

Suzuki, T. and Okumura-Noji, K. NMDA receptor subunits e1 (NR2A) and e2 (NR2B) are substrates for Fyn in the postsynaptic density fraction isolated from the rat brain, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 1995, 216, 582-588. 

The postsynaptic nerve ending, which is usually the tip of an axonal dendrite, has its own set of proteins, which varies to some extent with the nature of the neurotransmitter. In excitatory cells the plasma membrane of the postsynaptic neuron is thickened to — 30—40 ran to form the "postsynaptic density," a disc-like structure of clustered receptors of two types, which extends 30 ran into the cytosol.593 594 Only single receptor channels are indicated in Fig. 30-20, but many receptors are present in the clusters594 595 as are other specialized proteins. One of these, designated... 

More recent work suggested that one of four 4.1 proteins—4.1R—may associate with neurofilament proteins in forebrain postsynaptic densities, thus regulating the associated spectrin-rich cortex (Scott et al, 2001). Blot overlay analyses demonstrated that, in addition to spectrin and actin, postsynaptic density polypeptides included NF-L and o-internexin as interacting partners for 4.1R. Collectively, these studies emphasize that common themes are used in different cell types to both strengthen plasma membrane domains enriched in actin and IF polypeptides and to coordinate these sites with cytoplasmic architecture. 

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