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Portable hand-held instruments

The nature of electrochemical instruments makes them very attractive for decentralized testing. For example, compact, battery-operated voltammetric analyzers, developed for on-site measurements of metals (9,10), readily address the growing needs for field-based environmental studies. Similarly, portable (hand-held) instruments are being designed for decentralized clinical testing (11). [Pg.107]

Selection of on-site analytical techniques involves evaluation of many factors including the specific objectives of this work. Numerous instrumental techniques, GC, GC-MS, GC-MS-TEA, HPLC, HPLC-MS-MS, IR, FTIR, Raman, GC-FTIR, NMR, IMS, HPLC-UV-IMS, TOF, IC, CE, etc., have been employed for their laboratory-based determination. Most, however, do not meet on-site analysis criteria, (i.e., are not transportable or truly field portable, are incapable of analyzing the entire suite of analytes, cannot detect multiple analytes compounded with environmental constituents, or have low selectivity and sensitivity). Therefore, there exists no single technique that can detect all the compounds and there are only a few techniques exist that can be fielded. The most favored, portable, hand-held instrumental technique is ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), but limitations in that only a small subset of compounds, the inherent difficulty with numerous false positives (e.g., diesel fumes, etc.), and the length of time it takes to clear the IMS back to background are just two of its many drawbacks. [Pg.126]

Portable. Hand-held instruments intended for field applications offer extensive capabihties in a portable, rugged package. Some hand-held meters include true-RMS measurements, 1 msec response times, capacitance and frequency modes, and recording capabihties. [Pg.2244]

Personal radiation exposure can be measured using a film badge, which is worn by the employee over a fixed time interval. The badge contains a photographic film which, after the time interval, is developed and an estimate of radiation exposure is made. A similar device, known as a radiation dose meter or detector, can be positioned on a shelf in the workplace for three months, so that a mean value of radiation levels may be measured. Instantaneous radiation values can be obtained from portable hand-held instruments, known as geiger counters, which continuously sample the air for radiation levels. Similar devices are available to measure radon levels. [Pg.322]

A wide variety of commercial equipment is available for detection of hazardous chemicals, including a number of chemical warfare agents. For example, ion mobility spectroscopy is used to detect nerve, blister, and blood agents. The Chemical Agent Monitor is a portable, hand-held point detection instrument that uses ion mobility spectrometry to monitor nerve or blister agent vapors. However, minimum detection limits are approximately 100 times the acceptable exposure limit for nerve agents, and approximately 50 times the acceptable exposure limit for blister agents. [Pg.162]

The final example of our applications engineering activity is a portable, hand-held X-ray instrument developed at the Goddard Space Flight Center. This device which is called a Lixiscope (an acronym for Low Intensity X-ray Imaging Scope) resulted from our work on X-ray and gamma-ray spectroscopic techniques for astrophysical and planetary observations. [Pg.75]

The Special Operations Forces Nonintrusive Detector and the Swept Frequency Acoustic Interferometry detector are portable, hand-held acoustic instruments developed specifically to enable rapid detection and identification of chemical warfare agents within munitions, railcars, ton containers, etc. [Pg.250]

On-site measurement of the EIA response with a portable spectrophotometer is useful for documentation, although the response to 1.0 ug/L of atrazine can be visually detected. The results with a laboratory spectrophotometer and a portable hand-held spectrophotometer were compared. Standard curves recorded with these instruments were nearly identical. The standard deviation for 18 replicates were similar with the two instruments (Table II). [Pg.82]

The CAM uses ion mobility spectrometry to provide a portable hand-held point detection instrument for monitoring nerve or vesicant agent vapors. It provides a graduated readout (low, medium, high). Response time is dependent on concentration but generally takes from 10 to 60 seconds. Minimum levels detectable are about 100 times the AEL for the nerve agents and about 50 times the AEL for vesicants. An obvious drawback to this relative insensitivity to low concentrations is an inability to fully check the efficacy of decontamination efforts, both in the field and subsequently at treatment facilities. [Pg.56]

Rechargeable lithium-ion polymer cells are also available from IBT, for use in such portable applications as mobile communications and hand-held instrumentation, with a nominal voltage of 3.7 V and capacities ranging from 100 mAh to 4500 mAh at the five hour discharge rate. The polymer may be part of the electrochemical operation of the battery as in the case of lithium polymer designs. [Pg.26]

Complementary to the development of portable and hand-held instruments is research to move NIR measurements from the laboratory into the field. This move is complicated by sunlight and sample temperature over which the user has little control. Future work for field applications must concern itself with ways to compensate for these two effects. Although it is not necessary to develop calibration equations... [Pg.240]

Hand-held portable XRFs, such as the one used for analyzing our coins, have improved considerably over the last few years. The quality of the instruments and their accuracy has increased and has become quite reliable. The development and commercialization of small XRF devices was, until recently, limited by the poor energy resolution of the detectors and by problems associated with transportation of radioisotopic X-ray sources (5,6). These shortcomings have now been overcome due to the development of thermo-electrically cooled detectors with improved energy resolution and the production of small dedicated X-ray tubes with good stability (7). This offers the ability to analyze elements from Ti(Z=22) to U(Z=92). [Pg.260]

The applications described above, coupled with the realization of a dedicated portable instrumentation and software, represent a user-friendly analytical tool dedicated to durum wheat safety. Moreover, all the applications are based on the use of one single type of thick-film SPE facilitating the overall procedure for the final user that has to store and handle one single type of transducer. The developed device, which consists of the hand-held potentiostat, the multiplexer for eight-channel control and a dedicated software, can be used to detect OPs pesticides, such as dichlorvos and pirimiphos methyl at contamination level below the MRL settled by the European Union, OTA, and also amplified DNA of F. culmorum. [Pg.714]

XRF analysis may be used in two modes in situ and ex situ. To take an in situ measurement, the window of a hand-held field portable XRF instrument is pressed... [Pg.177]

In other circumstances IPCs can be used to control intelligent instrumentation, analysis equipment, or small-scale prodnction units. The technology can be found as a ruggedized PC, a Windows terminal, panel-monnted, rack-mounted, or hand-held portable device, or as a portable terminal with radio freqnency communications. The term IPC here is treated as covering all these types of equipment. [Pg.604]

In addition to use in implanted devices, small batteries are the power source for hand-held and portable instruments some applications are telemetry receivers, pacer system analyzers, pacemaker programmers, and Holter monitors. [Pg.45]

Renzi et al. demonstrated a hand-held microchip-based analytical instrument for detection of proteins [41]. Recently, a portable microfluidic flow cytometer with simultaneously detection of fluorescence and impedance was reported for cell analysis [42]. This system exploited an LED for excitation and detected fluorescent emission with a solid-state photomultiplier (SSPM). [Pg.123]

Fig. 4 Examples of portable microfluidic instruments, (a) The system integrates fluidics, microseparation chips, lasers, optics, high-voltage power supplies, electronic controls, data algorithms, and a user interface into a hand-portable instrument (Reprinted from [55] with permission of The American Chemistry Society), (b) A miniature LED-induced fluorescence microdevice (Reprinted from [56] with permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry), (c) Hand-held isotachophoresis instrument (dimensions 7.6 x 5.7 x 3.8 cm) (Reprinted from [57] with permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry)... Fig. 4 Examples of portable microfluidic instruments, (a) The system integrates fluidics, microseparation chips, lasers, optics, high-voltage power supplies, electronic controls, data algorithms, and a user interface into a hand-portable instrument (Reprinted from [55] with permission of The American Chemistry Society), (b) A miniature LED-induced fluorescence microdevice (Reprinted from [56] with permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry), (c) Hand-held isotachophoresis instrument (dimensions 7.6 x 5.7 x 3.8 cm) (Reprinted from [57] with permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry)...
The i-LAB Visible Hand Held Analyzing Spectrometer from Microspectral Analysis, LLC (www.microspectralanalysis.com) is a portable miniaturized spectrometer powered by 3 AA batteries that covers the 400-700 nm region and weighs only 200 g (Figure 5.37). The instrument has a bandwidth of 4-7 nm, spectral resolution of 1.4 nm, and no moving parts. [Pg.394]


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