Polyvinylchloride tubing

Aspiration pneumonia Same as technical—aspiration comments Prolonged use of large-bore polyvinylchloride tube... 

Hill SS, Shaw BR, Wu AHB. 2001. The clinical effects of plasticizers, antioxidants, and other contaminants in medical polyvinylchloride tubing during respiratory and non-respiratory exposure. Clinica Chimica Acta 304 1-8. 

Tubes made by polyvinylchloride (PVC), Teflon, silicone, or any other similar material (with internal diameter between 0.1 and 2.5 mm) are usually used to transfer analytical streams along the manifold. A shortcoming of most tubes is that they are not suitable to transfer all kinds of organic solvents. They also... 

Photomultiplier tubes Personal protective equipment Polyvinylchloride... 

Polyvinylchloride (PVC) is a hard, amorphous polymer which softens at about 85 °C. Also in PVC rubbers are sometimes added in order to improve the impact strength. The main applications of PVC are pipes, gutters, front panels of buildings, cables, bottles, floor tiles. A much softer and more flexible material is obtained by blending with plasticizers soft or plasticized PVC is being used in artificial leather, tubes and hoses, footwear, films, etc. 

PVC (Polyvinylchloride) HC6511 Clear, very flexible, comes in varying degrees of durometer hardness. Excellent resistance to water and oxidation. Contains plasticizers (if leached out, will cause tubing to harden). 

Infusion sets components (dripping chamber, and infusion line) are produced using different plastic materials, which may vary in their photon absorbing ability [e.g., clear polyvinylchloride (PVC) tubing or opalescent PE tubing]. Additionally, the thickness of the tubing walls also influences the transmission of incident radiation. 

A number of manufactured products comprising thermoplastics (polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, polyamides,. ..) or elastomers (natural rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, silicones) are processed by cross-linking to improve their performances in insulated electric wires and cables, multilayered films for cooking pouches, shape memory tubes, pressure resistant water pipes, expandable foams, automotive parts exposed to motor... 

The forms of plastic supports for ElA may be varied beads, discs, tubes, plastic-coated toothpicks, matchsticks, and even cocktail stirrers (Shekarchi et al., 1982). Undoubtably, many other utensils could be used for this purpose. However, the most common supports are polystyrene or polyvinylchloride (PVC) microtitre plates with 12x8 wells of 0.3 ml. Although PVC plates may adsorb IgG more... 

Dervisoglu and Kokini (72.) found that the wall stresses for apple sauce, mustard, tomato ketchup, and tomato paste in galvanized steel tubes were much higher than for polyvinylchloride (PVC), teflon, and glass in order they were glass < teflon < PVC < galvanized steel. Kokini et al. (22) showed that lubricated flow conditions... 

EXPOSURE ROUTES Ingestion (food, drinking water) use of hemodialysis tubing polyvinylchloride bags containing intravenous solutions occupational exposure not absorbed through skin. 

Perrilla ketone Drug formulated in propylene glycol, ethanol, and water to be diluted in a parenteral emulsion before IV administration. IV administration in 5% dextrose led to loss of 20-60% drug by adsorption to the polyvinylchloride (PVC) of the infusion tubing. This problem was overcome in IV emulsion formulation... 

Polyvinylchloride Lung b) pass sets, catheters and cannulae, tubing for dialysis and endotracheal feeding... 

The apparatus described by Vesterberg (26) had 20 chambers separated by sieve membranes of polyvinylchloride paper. Cooling water was circulated through narrow glass tubes in each cell. The original mixture from the synthesis of carrier ampholytes was poured into the cells. Current was applied via the platinum electrodes in the two end chambers. After about 24 hr the ampholytes had separated, the most acidic ones... 

Caution Some plastic tubing, including polyvinylchloride (PVC), may have its plasticizer extracted by the solvent and deposited on the surface being cleaned. For this same reason, rubber, neoprene, and nylon tubing should not be used with these solvents when cleaning oxygen equipment. Polyethylene, polypropylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tubing are satisfactory with the frequently used solvents. 

There are many different kinds of pump tubing and capillary. If a polyvinylchloride-based tubing is used, chlorine could potentially be leached out and may cause spectral interferences. 

Fig. 13.1 Polymers used for medical devices for dialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Polyurethane (PUR) is applied as potting material for capillary membranes, silicone tings guarantee a leak-age-free system, polycarbonate and polypropylene are used for casings, and a series of polymers are incorporated as membrane materials (P5M-polysulfone, P S-polyether-sulfone, PA-polyamide, PAAf-polyacrylonitrile, PMMA-polymethylmethacrylate, CIA-cellulose-tri-acetate). PUC-polyvinylchloride as a biomaterial for tubing needs plasticizers for its flexibility, such as D 7/P/DOP-di-ethyl-hexylphthalate/di-octyl-phthalate, TOTM-tn-octyl trimeUitate, DWCif-di-isononyl-cyclohexane...

Substitution and dematerialization are complementary approaches to reducing materials use. The substitution of solid state components for electronic vacuum tubes and the accompanying reduction in material quantities has already been cited. The substitution of polyvinylchloride (PVC) siding in place of wood on houses has resulted in dematerialization over the long term because the plastic siding does not require paint. 

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