Polystyrene nitration

The first successful solid-phase synthesis of a peptide (H-Leu-Ala-Gly-Val-OH) was reported by Merrifield in 1963 [12]. The strategy used is outlined in Figure 16.1. The support was chloromethylated, partially nitrated (or brominated), 2% cross-linked polystyrene. Nitration was necessary to suppress acidolytic cleavage of the benzyl ester attachment during Z-group removal. Acylations of deprotected, support-bound amino acids were performed with DCC, and at the end of the synthesis the peptide was cleaved from the support by saponification with sodium hydroxide. 

Triphenyl phosphate [115-86-6] C gH O P, is a colorless soHd, mp 48—49°C, usually produced in the form of flakes or shipped in heated vessels as a hquid. An early appHcation was as a flame retardant for cellulose acetate safety film. It is also used in cellulose nitrate, various coatings, triacetate film and sheet, and rigid urethane foam. It has been used as a flame-retardant additive for engineering thermoplastics such as polyphenylene oxide—high impact polystyrene and ABS—polycarbonate blends. 

Nitrate Anion Polystyrene matrix Trihiityl ammonium functional group Nad... 

Around Izod notch Low-density polyethylene Ethylene-propylene block copolymers Cellulose nitrate and propionate ABS and high-impact polystyrene Bis-phenol A polycarbonate... 

Being a hydrocarbon with a solubility parameter of 18.6MPa - it is dissolved by a number of hydrocarbons with similar solubility parameters, such as benzene and toluene. The presence of a benzene ring results in polystyrene having greater reactivity than polyethylene. Characteristic reactions of a phenyl group such as chlorination, hydrogenation, nitration and sulphonation can all be performed with... 

A polymer-bound analog of the p-sulfonato-calix[6]arenes is described in a Shinkai patent [31,32], which states that the hexakis(carbetoxymethyl)ether of p-sulfonatocalix[6]arene was partially nitrated, ami-nated, and fixed on crosslinked chloromethylated polystyrene. This resin is stated to absorb 108 ixg of uranium... 

Dinitropolystyrene. An expl weaker than DNT (Ref 2). Prepd from the polystyrene polymer by nitration. It is not possible to prepare the expl by nitration of styrene followed by polymerization (Ref 4)... 

Poly(azophenylene-o-carborane) (see 6) has been prepared from diphenyl-o-carborane by means of nitration, reduction, and acylation to initially give 1,2-bis(/ -nitroso-acetylaminophenyl)-o-carborane (NAFC). Rapid decomposition in solution affords phenylene amino phenyl carborane (PAFC) by recombination of phenylene and azophenylene radicals.40 These radicals have also been utilized to form copolymers of carborane-containing copolymers from monomers polymerizable via radical mechanisms. Thus, copolymers of polystyrene and poly(azophenylene) can be readily formed by means of emulsion copolymerization of styrene with NAFC decomposition products. 

Whereas GALDI-MS detects low molecular weight synthetic resins, common synthetic polymers, such as various acrylic polymers, polystyrene, and cellulose nitrate, did not produce any mass spectra using this method. 

CA 60, 1072(1964) [Dispersions of primer compns (such as mixts of LSt, Tetracene and Ba nitrate) in suspensions or solns of thermoplastic or curable synthetic material (such as a phenolic, a polyester resin, or a polystyrene) give compns which do not require high pressure for their manuf. 

Pentachlorophcnol Petroleum wax Phenolic rerint-Novalak resin Pine rosin Polyethylene resins Polystyrene tedns Polypropylene-maleic anhydride Potassium nitrate Resins... 

Almost all electrophilic substitutions known to proceed in solution with isopropylbenzene can also be performed with polystyrene, using solvents such as nitrobenzene, carbon disulfide, or carbon tetrachloride. These substitutions include bromination [42], nitration [43,44], sulfonylation, Friedel-Crafts acylations [45 49], and alkylations... 

Cross-linked polystyrene can be directly nitrated with fuming nitric acid at low temperatures (-25 °C to 0°C) [189,203,374] polymers with up to one nitro group per arene result [203]. Partial nitration can be achieved with milder nitrating agents, such as acetyl nitrate [203]. Because direct nitrations are not compatible with most linkers (which are often acid- or oxidant-labile), nitro compounds are generally not prepared on supports but in solution, and are then linked to the support. 

The Mark-Houwink constants for polystyrene (Ki and < 1) in THF at 30 °C were measured in this laboratory to be 2.89 X 10"4 and 0.65, respectively, while those of cellulose nitrate were reported by Jenkins (4)... 

Data have been obtained at PicArsn on the adhesive bonding of HE s to themselves and to other adherends. The expls investigated include 75/25 cyclotol, RDX-polystyrene HMX-cellulose nitrate compns. Whether the bonded expl assembly was tested statically or dynamically, failure always occurred in the expl, never in the adhesive. If proper adhesives bonding procedures are used, failure should occur in the expl... 

Examples of the last possibility include the use of vibratory milling and nitrogen oxides as a radical acceptors to nitrate the aromatic ring of polystyrene (15) celluluose xanthogenation (16) and dehydrochlorination and dehydrocyanation of some polymers. 

Other transition metal compounds able to catalyze the selective oxidation of secondary alcohols include VO(acac)2 with t-BuOOH as secondary oxidant,40 a polystyrene-supported (catecholato)oxorhenium complex in the presence of DMSO 41 and a mixture of ferric nitrate and ferric bromate that catalyzes the oxidation of secondary alcohols with air.42... 

ABA ABS ABS-PC ABS-PVC ACM ACS AES AMMA AN APET APP ASA BR BS CA CAB CAP CN CP CPE CPET CPP CPVC CR CTA DAM DAP DMT ECTFE EEA EMA EMAA EMAC EMPP EnBA EP EPM ESI EVA(C) EVOH FEP HDI HDPE HIPS HMDI IPI LDPE LLDPE MBS Acrylonitrile-butadiene-acrylate Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-polycarbonate alloy Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-poly(vinyl chloride) alloy Acrylic acid ester rubber Acrylonitrile-chlorinated pe-styrene Acrylonitrile-ethylene-propylene-styrene Acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate Acrylonitrile Amorphous polyethylene terephthalate Atactic polypropylene Acrylic-styrene-acrylonitrile Butadiene rubber Butadiene styrene rubber Cellulose acetate Cellulose acetate-butyrate Cellulose acetate-propionate Cellulose nitrate Cellulose propionate Chlorinated polyethylene Crystalline polyethylene terephthalate Cast polypropylene Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride Chloroprene rubber Cellulose triacetate Diallyl maleate Diallyl phthalate Terephthalic acid, dimethyl ester Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer Ethylene-ethyl acrylate Ethylene-methyl acrylate Ethylene methacrylic acid Ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer Elastomer modified polypropylene Ethylene normal butyl acrylate Epoxy resin, also ethylene-propylene Ethylene-propylene rubber Ethylene-styrene copolymers Polyethylene-vinyl acetate Polyethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers Fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers Hexamethylene diisocyanate High-density polyethylene High-impact polystyrene Diisocyanato dicyclohexylmethane Isophorone diisocyanate Low-density polyethylene Linear low-density polyethylene Methacrylate-butadiene-styrene... 

Monodisperse Polystyrene Latex A-2 Oxidation of Sulfate and Hydroxyl Endgroups 10 5n silver nitrate 6 hours at 90°)... 

A dry packed column with porous material was used for the characterization according to size of the PVAc latex samples. The packing employed was CPG (Controlled Pore Glass), 2000 A, 200-400 mesh size. Deionized water with 0.8 gr/lit Aerosol O.T. (dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate), 0.8 gr/lit sodium nitrate and 0.4 gr/lit sodium azide served as the carrier fluid under a constant flowrate. The sample loop volume was 10 pC A Beckman UV detector operating at 254 nm was connected at the column outlet to monitor particle size. A particle size-mean retention volume calibration curve was constructed from commercially available polystyrene standards. For reasons of comparison, the samples previously characterized by turbidity spectra were also characterized by SEC. A number of injections were repeated to check for the reproducibility of the method. 

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