Polyphenols antiviral activity

Antiviral activity. Epigallocatechin-3-gal-late, administered to Hep2 cells in culture, produced a therapeutic index of 22 and an ICjf, of 25 pM. The agent was the most effective when added to the cells during the transition from the early to the late phase of viral infection suggesting that the polyphenol inhibits one or more late steps in virus infection " . 

Another potential benefit to the use of cranberry is its antiviral effect. One study (24) evaluated the ability of various commercial juices and beverages to inactivate poliovirus type I (Sabin) in vitro. Cranberry juice had some antiviral activity that was noted to be enhanced at pH 7.0 (24). The antiviral effect of commercial juices is thought to be caused by polyphenols, including tannins, which form complexes with viruses (24). 

Besides these general activities based on chemical reactivity and structural features that are inherent in any polyphenolic substance (i.e., antioxidation and complexation) [1], ellagitannins are also capable of expressing remarkable biological activities such as potent antibacterial and antiviral activities, inhibition of mutagenicity of carcinogens and tumor promotion, as well as remarkable host-mediated antitumor effects [28, 106-108]. 

Okuda T, Yoshida T, Hatano T (1992) Polyphenols from Asian plants - structural diversity and antitumor and antiviral activities. In Huang M-T, Ho C-T, Lee CY (eds) Phenolic compounds in food and their effects on health, voi II, ACS symposium series 507. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC... 

The polyphenolic binaphthyl gossypol 94 displays interesting pharmacological applications like male oral contraceptive, treatment of bronchitis, total inhibitor of HIV 1, and in vitro antiviral activity against herpes type 2 virus and influenza virus (Scheme 26.28). Apogossypol 95, a degradation derivative of gossypol that lacks the aldehyde functions, still has the potent pan-active inhibitor activity of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins. The naphthoic acid precursor can be obtained by... 

Extracts of balm have shown in vitro antiviral activity against HIV-1, herpes simplex, Newcastle disease virus, paramyxovirus (mumps vims), vaccinia, and other vimses. The active constituents include polyphenols (other than caffeic acid) and tannin. Extracts of balm have also shown in vitro antioxidant activity against lipid peroxida-tion m vitro antithyrotropic activity and antiulcerogenic activity in rats against indomethicin-induced ulcer formation. ... 

Polyphenolic compounds occur widely distributed in nature and may possess a variety of interesting biological properties, e. g. antibiotic, antiviral and antitumor activity. The synthesis and further elaboration of these compounds often requires the selective protection or deprotection of specific phenolic hydroxy groups. To achieve this goal, the methods highlighted above for the various aliphatic polyols can also be applied successfully. 

Documented effects A decoction is recommended as a hemostatic for internal uterine bleeding. An acetone-alcohol extract of the herb has been introduced as a hemostatic treatment (Aliev et al. 1972). Zavrazhanov et al. (1977) stated this species has astringent, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, and sedative properties. The decoction of the herb is used to treat internal and uterine bleeding (Aliev et al. 1972) and also as an anticonvulsant (Fruentov 1972 Akopov 1981). A water extract, as well as a methanol extract and its fractions, were found to have antiviral effect on myxoviruses, herpes virus type 1, vesicular stomatitis and vaccinia virus (Zielinska-Jenczylik et al. 1987). In vivo, a methanol extract injected intravenously induced interferon in mice (Zielinska-Jenczylik et al. 1988). In vitro, low concentrations of a polyphenolic fraction from an extract of the plant stimulated free radical activity of human granulocytes, whereas high concentrations inhibited the activity (Fecka et al. 1997). 

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