Polyoxyethylenated sorbitol esters

Polysorha.tes. Polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters [9005-63-4] are formed from the reaction of sorbitol esters with ethylene oxide. These emulsifiers are almost always employed in combination with sorbitan esters and are used in the same appHcations (36). 

Waxy polyol ether-esters, as for example, polyoxyethylene sorbitol. 

Propylene Glycol, Sorbitol, and POE Sorbitol Esters Propylene glycol esters are more lipophilic than the corresponding glycerol esters sorbitol esters are more hydrophilic (unless dehydrated in course of manufacture). Polyoxyethylenation of sorbitol (and anhydrosorbitol produced during manufacture) gives wide range of solubilities and hydrophilic-lipophilic balances to products. 

An oral dental riase geaeraHy coasists of water, alcohol, a humectant, an emulsifier, flavor, color, and an active agent. Water is the primary vehicle. The alcohol provides bite and is also a formulation aid. The humectant improves the feel ia the mouth and also prevents locking of the cap to the container between uses glycerin or noncrystaUiziag sorbitol may be satisfactory. The emulsifier is a nonionic type, for example, a polyoxyethylene—polyoxypropylene block copolymer or a polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester. Flavors are generally a type of mint or cinnamon. Colors are FD C or D C. 

Formula A complex mixture of polyoxyethylene ethers of mixed partial oleic esters of sorbitol anhydrides Density 1.06-1.llOgml-1 Volatility High... 

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters (polysorbates) are a series of partial fatty acid esters of sorbitol and its anhydrides copolymerized with approximately 20, 5, or 4 moles of ethylene oxide for each mole of sorbitol and its anhydrides. 

Figure 10.2. Common food emulsifiers Tweens (polyoxyethylene mono fatty aeid esters of sorbitan or sorbitol anhydrides), Spans (partial fatty acid esters and sorbitol anhydrides), lecithin (phosphatidylcholine), monoglycerides (monoaeylglyeerols), propylene glyeol mono fatty aeid esters (1,2-propanediol esters), suerose mono fatty aeid esters, stearyl-2-lactylate. Tween/Span 20, monolaurate Tween/Span 40, monopalmitate Tween/Span 60, monostearate.

The ethoxylated derivatives of Spans (Tweens) are produced by reaction of ethylene oxide on any hydroxyl group remaining on the sorbitan ester group. Alternatively, the sorbitol is first ethoxylated and then esterified. However, the final product has different surfactant properties to the Tweens. Some examples of Tween surfactants are polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate. Tween 20 polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, Tween 40 polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate. Tween 60 polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan mono-oleate. Tween 80 and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate. Tween 65 and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tri-oleate. Tween 85. 

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