Polymer composite schematic

Figure 2. Schematic three-dimensional plot showing various planes of AB polymer/polymer composition. From left to right homopolymer blends blends containing 50 weight percent diblock copolymer diblock copolymers. 

FIGURE 16.11 Schematic representation of eluent gradient polymer HPLC. Two polymer species A and B are separated. They exhibit different nature and different interactivity with the column packing (e.g., adsorp-tivity) or with the mobile phase (solubility). The linear gradient from the retention promoting mobile phase to the elution promoting mobile phase is applied. The focused peaks—one for each polymer composition/ architecture—are formed in the appropriately chosen systems. Each peak contains species with different molar masses. 

Figure 6. Schematic of the pultrusion process for continuous production of polymer composites.

The first case, Ef < e, is typical of polymer matrix composites schematic stress-strain curves are given in Figure 15.10. When e < 8, two different modes of failure can take place depending on y. Figure 15.11 gives a schematic representation on the stress-strain curves of the components multiplied by their respective volume fractions as well as the stress-... 

Figure 9.2 is a schematic representation of CdSe QDs dispersed in poly(hexyl methacrylate) by in situ polymerization. The polymer with long alkyl branches is expected to prevent or reduce phase separation of the QDs from the polymer matrix during polymerization. This technique resulted in the preparation of a series of QD-based nanocomposite materials for which laser scanned confocal microscopy imaging revealed a nearly uniform dispersion of nanoparticles within the polymethacrylate matrix (Fig. 9.3). Notably, the resulting macroscopic QD-polymer composites appeared to be clear and uniformly colored.

FIGURE 9.3 Flexible supercapacitors based on different polymers or polymer composites. (A) Photograph of the PDMS-based flexible supercapacitors wrapped on the glass tube. (B) Schematic illustration of flexible supercapacitor based on PET film. (C) Schematic illustration of the microsupercapacitor fabricated by laser carbonization of PI film. 

Figure 2.17 CNT-polymer composite IR sensors. UV-Vis-near-IR spectra of (a) 5 wt% SWNTHiPco-PC and (b) 5 wt% SWNTcoMocat-PC composite thin films. Mil, Sii, and S22 represent optical transitions in metallic and semiconducting SWNTs, respectively.(c) Schematic experimental setup. Near-IR light covers all of the sample area, (d) Relative conductivity a (Jdark) responses of SWNT-PC nanocomposites to the on/off IR illumination (power intensity 7 mW mm ).

Fig.1 Schematic illustration of different possible structures of layered silicate polymer composite (a) microcomposite (b) intercalated nanocomposite (c) exfoliated nanocomposite [12]...

Figure 6.35 Schematic illustration of carrier transport in the neat polymer film, rGO polymer- and C /rGO nanohybrids-filled polymer composites.

Almost as critical in commercial practice as the effects of reinforcement on proi>erties are the effects of reinforcement on the cost of the material and on its processing. The perceived effect of material cost depends on whether the decisive factor is cost per unit mass or cost per unit volume. Since the additive normally has a density considerably different from that of the po er matrix, the density of the composite differs from that of the polymer. Consider the fibre-reinforced polymer shown schematically in Figure 6.4. A mass m of composite occupies a volume u. It contains a mass of fibres occupying a volume and a mass of matrix occupying a... 

Figure 5.7 Schematic descriptions of the carbon blacks that are dispersed in the corresponding polymer composites (a) low structure black, (b) intermediate structure...

Figure 11.33 Schematic diagram of the projection display from the scattering liquid crystal/polymer composite.

FIGURE 14.1.20 Schematic representation of fabrication process of apatite-polymer composite with analogous three dimensional structure to that of natural bone. 

Two types of demixing process will now be distinguished leading to different types of membrane structure. These two different types of demixing process may be characterised by the instant when liquid-liquid demixing sets in. Figure III - 39 shows the composition path of a polymer film schematically at the very moment of immersion in a nonsolvent bath (at t < 1 second). The composition path gives the concentration at any point in the film at a particular moment. For any other time another compositional path will exist. 

Porous Si-polymer composites may be designed in diverse configurations. Figure 1 schematically illustrates the most common structures PSi infiltrated with a poljoner, poljoner-coated PSi, polymer-capped PSi, released PSi film supported by a polymer, PSi particles encapsulated by a polymer, and composite microparticles. Each of these structures possesses different properties, which can be further refined by a proper choice of the polymer constituent and the PSi nanostructure. 

Fig. 1 Common structures of PSi-polymer composites. Insets in A illustrate interfacial chemistry where the polymer is not attached to PSi (right) and is covalently attached to the PSi surface through different linkers. Schematics are not...

Figure 6.9. Schematics showing synthesis of aligned carbon nanotube/polymer composite film. Reproduced from [71] with permission from The American Chemical Society...

Figure 12.1. Schematic diagram of preparation process of microfibril reinforced polymer-polymer composites...

Figure 21.8. Schematic illustrations showing (a) grafted and (c) untreated nanoparticles/polymer composites before and after stretching. Magnified TEM photo in (b) shows that fibril-like agglomerates indeed contain networked microstructure...

Figure 4.41. Schematic illustration of a polymer composite functioning like a "bimetal" and the profile of its "bending". Gel poly(methacrylic acid) plastic poly(vinyl chloride) electric field 0.25 V/cm the numbers indicate time (min) elapsed after electric field was imposed [143].

Fig. 5 Schematic description of CNT/polymer composites, which prepare by using nitrile rubber technology...

Scanning Probe Microscopy. The scanning probe microscope (SPM) is a commercially available instrument (Nanoscope III, from Digital Instruments) that offers a relatively new means to distinguish continuous conductive pathways in disordered carbon-black-polymer composites. Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of how the SPM can be used to image carbon-black-polymer composites. 

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