Supercapacitors based

HYBRID SUPERCAPACITORS BASED ON a-Mn02/CARBON NANOTUBES COMPOSITES... 

Figure 4. Impedance spectra of a supercapacitor based on the PPy/CNTs composite before (a) and after performing 500 galvanostatic charge/discharge cycles (b).

V. Khomenko, E. Frackowiak, V. Barsukov, F. Beguin. Development of supercapacitors based on conducting polymers. This book 2005. 

Kumar, N.A., et al., Electrochemical supercapacitors based on a novelgraphene/conjugated polymer composite system. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012. 22(24) p. 12268-12274. 

The DLC commercialization actually started in the 1970s in Japan with the introduction of the NEC Corporation (NEC) Supercapacitor based on an aqueous electrolyte. The market for high-power DLC components and modules has effectively started to grow since the year 2000 with the launching of industrial applications such as the... 

Frackowiak E, Khomenko V, Jurewicz K, Lota K, Beguin F. Supercapacitors based on conducting polymers/nanotubes composites. Journal of Power Sources 2006 153 413-418. 

Kurzweil P, Chwistek M, Gallay R. Capacitance determination and abusive aging studies of supercapacitors based on acetonitrile and ionic liquids. Proceedings of the 16th International Seminar on Double Layer Capacitors, 2006, Deerfield Beach, FL, p. 78. 

Rufer A, Barrade P, Hotellier D. Power-electronic interface for a supercapacitor-based energy-storage substation in dc-transportation networks. EPE Journal 2004 14(4) 43-49. 

In recent years there has been increasing interest in the power capacitors, ultracapacitors or supercapacitors based on electrochemical systems. These include electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) types based on carbon electrodes with suitable electrolyte systems, and electrochemical capacitors with pseudocapacitance [34,35],... 

B. Supercapacitor Based on Electronically Conducting Polymer Electrode... 

Electrochemical capacitors based on carbon materials can be divided into doublelayer capacitors, where only a pure electrostatic interaction between ions and charged electrode surfaces occur, and supercapacitors, based on the occurrence of faradaic pseudocapacitance reactions (see Chapter 10). It is generally assumed that the charge is mainly stored, in porous carbons, in the double layer at the electrode/electrolyte... 

A. Yoshizawa, M. Takeda, Y. Oura, Y. Takemoto and K. Naoi, Low-molecular-weight soluble polyaniline for electrolytic capacitor, Electrochemistry, 1999, 67, 45 H. Yamamoto, K. Kanemoto, M. Oshima and I. Isa, Self-healing characteristics of solid electrolytic capacitor with polypyrrole electrolyte, Electrochemistry, 1999, 67, 855 M. Mastragostino, R. Paraventi and A. Zanelli, Supercapacitors based on composite polymer electrodes, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2000,147, 3167. 

Fan, Z. et al.. Asymmetric supercapacitors based on graphene/MnOj and activated carbon nanofiber electrodes with high power and energy density. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2011,27(72 , 2366-2375. 

J. Fang, M. Cui, H. Lu, Z. Zhang, Y. Lai, and J. Li, Hybrid supercapacitor based on polyaniline doped with lithium salt and activated carbon electrodes, J. Cent. South Univ. TechnoL, 16, 434 39 (2009b... 

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