Polymer Analysis program

Figure 1. Flow chart of the Polymer Analysis program. The program Is entered from a larger program, NMRl. A database must be chosen or created for the spectrum at hand and a statistical model chosen. Options In the main menu Include calculation of probabilities associated with the model, simulation of spectra, and modification of the peak table or database.

Figure 5. The C-15 (125.76 Hz) spectrum of approximately 20% w/v copolymer vinylidene chloride Isobutylene In CDCI at 24°C and a peak listing from the Polymer Analysis program.

Dr. Charles Dumoulln is acknowledged for writing the original version of the Polymer Analysis program. Annmarie Lareau made some revisions and documented the code. 

CHEOPS (we tested Version 3.0.1) is a program for predicting polymer properties. It consists of two programs The analysis program allows the user to draw the repeat unit structure and will then compute a whole list of properties the synthesis program allows the user to specify a class of polymers and desired properties and will then try the various permutations of the functional groups to find ones that fit the requirements. On a Pentium Pro 200 system, the analysis computations were essentially instantaneous and the synthesis computations could take up to a few minutes. There was no automated way to transfer information between the two programs. 

In order to facilitate rapid melt viscosity measurement and data analysis a modified Gflttfert capillary rheometer has been interfaced to a Hewlett-Packard data acquisition system. All test parameters (temperature, barrel pressure, etc) are monitored automatically and the data is stored on magnetic tape. After testing is complete, raw data is entered into an analysis program used to compute tables and draw plots of shear stress, shear rate, and apparent viscosity. Examples of the application of this system to commercial polymers are discussed. 

Fig. 20 Simulation of the propagation of the laser-induced stress wave as a function of distance from the irradiation spot. A three-dimensional finite element analysis program has been employed. The simulation shows that the highest probability for delamination is at the interface just behind the irradiation spot. This prediction is verified in the irradiation of nonannealed polymer samples on Suprasil...

Dlubek, G., Hiibner, Ch., and Eichler, S., Do the MELT or CONTIN programs accurately reveal the o-Ps lifetime distribution in polymers Analysis of experimental lifetime spectra of amorphous polymers, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 142, 191-202 (1998a). 

Provided that mass changes are expressed as a percentage of the original mass, mo, triplet of parameters a,A, , may be found for polypropylene (i =1), inorganic additive (i = 2) and polymer residual mass (i = 3) decomposition by a nonlinear regression analysis program. The program was applied to the experimental mass m versus temperature T records, from the initial temperature To (laboratory temperature) to a final temperature T (550 °C) of the experiment. 

Analysis of crude liquid product by glc using modified porous polymer column, programmed from 140-250 C, at 20 cc/min He flow smaller quantities of water, methyl formate, n-propanol, n-butanol and propylene glycol were also detected carbon dioxide and methane are present in the product gas samples along with much larger quantities of unreacted CO/H2. 

Statistics, numerical analysis other data processing and experimental design terms are addressed as individual terms and as a separate section in the appendix, but only as probability and statistics relate to polymer technology and not the broad field of this mathematical science. The interactive equations are listed in the Statistics section of the Interactive Polymer Technology program. 

Laminate Analysis Program to Accompany % "Engineering Design with Polymers and Composites" % by J. C. Gerdeen and R. A. L. Rorrer... 

Woodruff and co-workers introduced the expert system PAIRS [67], a program that is able to analyze IR spectra in the same manner as a spectroscopist would. Chalmers and co-workers [68] used an approach for automated interpretation of Fourier Transform Raman spectra of complex polymers. Andreev and Argirov developed the expert system EXPIRS [69] for the interpretation of IR spectra. EXPIRS provides a hierarchical organization of the characteristic groups that are recognized by peak detection in discrete ames. Penchev et al. [70] recently introduced a computer system that performs searches in spectral libraries and systematic analysis of mixture spectra. It is able to classify IR spectra with the aid of linear discriminant analysis, artificial neural networks, and the method of fe-nearest neighbors. 

The utilization of commercially available finite element packages in the simulation of routine operations in industrial polymer processing is well established. However, these packages cannot be usually used as general research tools. Thus flexible in-house -created programs are needed to carry out the analysis required in the investigation, design and development of novel equipment and operations. 

Thermal analysis iavolves techniques ia which a physical property of a material is measured agaiast temperature at the same time the material is exposed to a coatroUed temperature program. A wide range of thermal analysis techniques have been developed siace the commercial development of automated thermal equipment as Hsted ia Table 1. Of these the best known and most often used for polymers are thermogravimetry (tg), differential thermal analysis (dta), differential scanning calorimetry (dsc), and dynamic mechanical analysis (dma). 

Thermal analysis helps in measuring the various physical properties of the polymers. In this technique, a polymer sample is subjected to a controlled temperature program in a specific atmosphere and properties are measured as a function of temperature. The controlled temperature program may involve either isothermal or linear rise or fall of temperature. The most common thermoanalytical techniques are (1) differential scanning analysis (DSC), (2) thermomechanical analysis (TMA), and (3) thermogravimetry (TG). 

At the top end of the program monitoring scale is the use of online fluorescence tracing systems, whereby tracer dye polymers form part of the water treatment program and their concentration can be measured online at various locations throughout the boiler plant system. Much less expensive, handheld fluorometers are now available to conduct the same type of analysis at the laboratory bench or on the boiler house firing-floor. These tracer dye polymers can be used to determine ... 

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