Finite element packages

The utilization of commercially available finite element packages in the simulation of routine operations in industrial polymer processing is well established. However, these packages cannot be usually used as general research tools. Thus flexible in-house -created programs are needed to carry out the analysis required in the investigation, design and development of novel equipment and operations. 

ChemSage have developed a common interface with the direct aim of enabling such applications (Eriksson et al. 1994). Recently, the PMLFKT code, developed for the Lukas programmes (Lukas et al. 1982) and extended by Kattner et al. (1996), has been directly coupled with the complex finite element package ProCAST (Samonds and Waite 1993) to predict heat evolution and solidification paths during casting (Banneijee et al. 1997). 

Linear viscoelasticity is an extension of linear elasticity and hyperelasticity that enables predictions of time-dependence and viscoelastic flow. Linear viscoelasticity has been extensively studied for many different materials ] and can be very useful when applied under the appropriate conditions. Another added benefit of linear viscoelasticity is that it is available in all commercial finite element packages and therefore easy to use. 

In Appendix A, Eq. (A. 14) is the differential equation for onedimensional transient heat flow. Many finite element packages allow the... 

A solution can be obtained using a finite-element package, such as FEMLAB. For this example, the results computed by Armaou and Christofides (1999) are presented. Initially, the reactor contains silane at the feed composition. 

How should universities respond to this It is often argued that universities should teach the fundamental knowledge and that industry should focus on abilities (e.g. Steenfelt 2000), but this seems an inadequate response. The writer believes that universities should provide a structured introduction to the use of finite element packages to those students who are particularly interested in geotechnics. We need to equip them with the knowledge and skills to undertake analyses responsibly. 

Many packages have been developed for finite element algorithms. In fact, a Google search of best finite element package revealed more than fifty packages available with names ranging from ALGOR to Zebulon. 

Liu, X. L., Crouch, I. G. and Lam, Y. C. (2000), Simulation of heat transfer and cure in pultrusion with a general-purpose finite element package . Composites Science and Technology, 60, 857-864. 

The latter trend, together with the ongoing developments in computational processing, data storage capabilities and numerical modelling of advanced FE (finite element) packages, have furthered more specialized and elaborate... 

ABSTRACT In the present paper a multiphase model including a hypoplastic formulation of the solid phase is presented and its application to earthquake engineering problems discussed. The macroscopic soil model, which is based on the theory of porous media, comprises three distinct phases namely, solid, fluid and gas phase. For each of these the compressibility of the respective medium is taken into account in the mathematical formulation of the model. The solid phase is modelled using the hypoplastic constitutive equation including intergranular strain to allow for a realistic description of material behaviour of cohesionless soils even under cyclic loading. The model was implemented into the finite element package ANSYS via the user interface and also allows the simulation of soil-structure interaction problems. 

Segal, A. "A Finite Element Package". Dept, of Mathematics, T.H. Delft, 1983. 

The potential of interface elements in elevators and escalators is vital. They play a very important role in bringing about cPose relations between various mechanical components in static and dynamic conditions. Examples are cited in lifts/elevators escalators and travelators where components rolling over each others or some static and others moving over the static ones. Various contact or gap elements have been explained in various finite-element packages Some of them are cited below ... 

The simulation of component parts exhibiting electromechanical coupling with the aid of commercial finite element packages is subject to some restrictions. Usually the piezoelectric effect is considered only in connection with volume elements, see Freed and Bahuska [76]. For complex structures, the modeling with volume elements often does not represent a viable procedure with respect to implementation and calculation expenditure. A prominent example for this are structures with thin walls made of multiple layers. Their mechanical behavior may be simulated efficiently with layered structural shell elements. 

Based on calculations with the finite element package ANSYS, this has been done for a number of geometric configurations, as recorded in Figure 4.9. The aspect ratio Iz/h of the cuboid reflects the distance between the electrodes in one direction of the shear plane (/s) and the extent of the electrodes in the other direction of the shear plane (/i). As expected, vzi tends towards zero for relatively close electrodes while it asymptotically approaches one with increasing distance. In consideration of an additional dimensionless quantity Cf to capture further influences like material properties and boundary conditions, this behavior may be roughly approximated by the following function ... 

If an advanced finite element package, such as ABAQUS [30] version 6.1-1 or later, is used, then direct extrapolation of the T-stress can also be made. 

Advanced material models are currently only available as user-supplied subroutines for finite element packages Requires expertise both to calibrate and use... 

In dynamics problems, frequencies and modes of vibration and/or response to time-dependent forces are determined. This section provides an introduction to the way that a number of dynamic and vibration problems can be solved in a finite element package. These aspects are further developed in Chaps. 29 and 30. The governing equation for structural dynamics in FEA is ... 

In engineermg practice, the finite difference method is nowadays not widely used and only quite a few publications are available since commercial finite element packages offer a hi e range of features and possibilities to incorporate arbitrary geometries and non-linearities. Typical... 

R.D.THOMSON Choosing a Finite Element Package. BENCH Mark, NAFEMS, July 1988, pp. 20-23. 

In our simulation, we used a finite element package (ABAQUS/Standard) and an axisymmetric model stracture as shown in Figure 12.16, where the Ge NCs sphere is located along the rotational z-axis, and the Si substrate and Si02 matrix cylindrical layers are separated by a sharp interface. In the calculation of the elastic field distribution in the nanosystem, an external hydrostatic pressure of 10 kbar was assumed. For simplicity, the Ge NCs, Si02 matrix, and Si substrate were considered as isotropic elastic continua, with elastic constants of Ge (Pi = 1316.6 kbar, cti = 0.20748, Ki = 750.2 kbar) [32], Si02 (P2 = 730 kbar, [Pg.292]

The simulations were performed using the finite-element package FEMLAB with the conductive DC module in a two-dimensional axial symmetry. The mesh size was refined to obtain a numerical error lower than 0.1% evaluated from the net current of the system, which is the sum of the current passing through the copper and aluminum electrodes. At the corrosion potential this net current is zero. 

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