Polyhydroxyalkanoates biodegradable copolymers

Ali N, Suhaimi NS (2009) Performance evaluation of locally fabricated asymmetric nanofiltration membrane for Batik industry effluent. World Appl Sci J 5 46-52 Alias Z, Tan IKP (2005) Isolation of palm oil-utilising, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-producing bacteria by an enrichment technique. Bioresour Technol 96 1229-1234 Allen AD, Anderson WA, Ayorinde FO, Eribo BE (2010) Biosynthesis and characterization of copolymer poly(3HB-co-3HV) from saponified Jatropha curcas oil by Pseudomonas oleovorans. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 37 849-856 Allen AD, Anderson WA, Ayorinde F, Eribo BE (2011) Isolation and characterization of an extracellular thermoalkanophilic P(3HB-co-3HV) depolymerase from Streptomyces sp. INI. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 65 777-785... 

Wu Q, Sun SQ, Yu PHF, Chen AXZ, Chen GQ (2000) Environmental dependence of microbial synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates. Acta Polym Sin 6 751-756 Wu LP, Cheng ST, Chen GQ, Xu KT (2008) Synthesis, characterization and biocompatibihty of novel biodegradable poly[((R)-3-hydroxybutyrate)-block-(D,L-lactide)-block-(epsilon-caprolactone)] triblock copolymers. Polym Int 57 939-949... 

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable and biocompatible polyesters with versatile structural compositions. Bacterial PHAs are produced using a combination of renewable feedstock and biological methods mostly via a fermentation process. Native and recombinant microorganisms have been generally used to produce different types of PHAs, such as homo-polymers and copolymers of diverse morphology. Alternative production schemes of PHAs in vitro based on cell-free enzymatic catalysis are gaining momentum and may become the preferred route to some specialty products. ... 

The degradation dynamics of polyhydroxyalkanoates of different compositions (a PHB homopolymer and a PHB/PHV copolymer with 14mol% of hydroxyvalerate) have been studied in a eutrophic storage reservoir for two seasons. It has been shown that the biodegradation of polymers under natural conditions depends not only on their structure and physicochemical properties but also, to a great extent, on a complex of weather-climatic conditions affecting the state of the reservoir ecosystem. 

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are also biodegradable polymers. These are condensation polymers of 3-hydroxycarboxyhc acids. Thus, like PLA, they are polyesters. The most common PHA is PHB, a polymer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid it can be used for many of the things that polypropylene is now used for. Unlike polypropylene that floats, PHB sinks. PHBV, a PHA marketed under the trade name Biopol, is a copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydrox5rvaleric acid. It is being used for such things as wastepaper baskets, toothbrush holders, and soap dispensers. PHAs are degraded by bacteria to CO2 and H2O. 

The starch-based polymers iiKlnde aritylose, lydroxyl-propylated starch and dextrin, polylactides (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polyhydroxybnterate (PHB), and a copolymer PHB and valeric acids (PHBAO- In addition, biodegradable films can also be formed from chitosan, which is derived finm the chitin of crastacean and insect... 

Elbanna, K., Lutke-Eversloh, T., Jendrossek, D., Luftmann, H., and Steinbuchel, A. (2004) Studies on the biodegradability of polymers of polythioester copolymers and homopolymers by polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-degrading bacteria and PHA depolymerase. Arch. Microbiol., 182,... 

---