Polyaniline PANI nanofibers

Studies performed by Yuan et al. on conductive polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers, P3DOT, and CNT thin films show that aU three are capable of forming highly compliant electrodes with fault tolerant behavior [225]. Nanowires and tubes are of particular interest since they are capable of maintaining a percolation network at large strains, thus reducing the required electrode thickness while still allowing for maximum strain performance. 

In another study, Gallon et al. used polyaniline (PANI) nanofiber-supported palladium nanoparticles as catalysts for the coupling of aryl chlorides with phenyl boronic acid in water [98]. Typically, the aryl chlorides were ineffective in most Suzuki coupling reactions but, by subshtuhng the aryl halide appropriately, it could be shown that Pd nanoparticles were capable of carrying out the transforma-hon in the aqueous phase. 

Rakhi et al reported the conducting-polymers (polyaniline [PANI] and PPy)-coated carbon nanocoils (CNCs) as efficient binder-free electrode materials for supercapacitors for the first time, in which the CNCs acted as a perfect backbone for the uniform distribution of the conducting polymers in the composites [16]. Ihe SC and maximum storage energy per unit mass of the composites were found to be comparable to one of the best-reported values for polymer-coated MWNTs. Dumanli et al. prepared the chemically bonded carbon nanofibers (CNFs)-PPy composite via electro-polymerization of Py on CNFs [17]. It showed that the final capacitance values were highly dependent on the number of deposition cycles and deposition rates. The best result for the coiled CNF-PPy composite system was found to be 27.6 C/cm at six times cycling using 25 mV/s. 

It was found that distance was not a major factor on the diameter of nano fibers rather, it was found to be a sensitive function of solution viscosity where fiber diameter decreased as viscosity decreased. CSA-doped polyaniline (PANI)/PE0 composite nanofibers with different compositions (12 to 52 wt.% of PANI) were synthesized... 

There are various methods to synthesize polymer nanostructures, i.e., template synthesis, chiral reactions, self-assembly, interfacial polymerization and electrospinning. Recent developments in conducting polymer nanotubes and nanofibers were summarized by Long et al. Different preparation methods, physical properties, and potential applications of one-dimensional nanostructures of conjugated polyaniline (PANI), pol5 3nrole (PPy) and poly (3, 4-ethylenediox3d hiophene) (PEDOT) were discussed. 

Cellulose acetate nanofibers reinforced with chopped polyaniline, PANI, nanoparticles were produced. PANI acts as a nucleating agent and increases the formation of crystallites. The overall degree of ciystalhzation is increased, leading to the increased number of dipoles in the nanofibrous nonwoven membranes. ... 

Nanofibers of conducting polymers such as those spun from polyaniline (PANi) are particularly well suited for use in conductivity sensors. Polymers commonly explored in sensor research include PANi, polythiophene (PT), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and polypyrrol (PPy), sometimes with other constituents, to enhance their sensing capability. Some of these such as PANi (Norris et al. 2000 Zhu et al. 2006a) and PPy (Kang et al. 2005 Nair et al. 2005) (as well as their hlends), can be readily electrospun into nanofibers. Polyaniline is somewhat unique in that its doped state can be controlled by the pH of the medium, allowing it to exist either as the emaraldine base or as the salt (Scheme 8.1). Simple acids and... 

Conducting polymers have been extensively studied and widely applied in various organic devices. To improve the performances or extend the functions of the devices, conducting polymers usually have to be nanostructured [36-38]. Electrospun conducting polymer nanofibers have already been fabricated using as supercapacitor electrodes [36-41]. It is well known that polyaniline (PANI) is one of the most... 

Sivakkumar and coworker have investigated that electrochemical behavior (especially conducting behavior) CNT/PANI nanocomposites-based cell much better than of that pure polyaniline nanofiber-based cell [46-48]. It is ultimate because of very efifective electric double-layer capacitance in the CNT-based electrode. During the study, it has been found that the current passed by the PANl/CNT composite-based device is higher than that of pure PANI nanofiber, which means that the capacitance of the nanocomposites is larger than that of flie pure PANI nanofiber. This indicates a synergistic effect from the combined contributions from PANI and CNT [46] (Fig. 6). 

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