Polyamides, metalated

Polyamides. Metallized plastics [40] have been obtained from metal chelates of nylon 4 and nylon 6 by soaking a film of the polyamides cast from formic... 

R.P. Bhardwaj, J.K. Quamara, K.K. Nagpaul and B.L. Sharma. ThermaUy stimulated spontaneous current from Kapton polyamide-metal contacts. Phys. Stat. Sol. (a), 1983, Vol. 80, pp. 325-332. 

Quality Specifications. Because of the extreme sensitivity of polyamide synthesis to impurities ia the iagredients (eg, for molecular-weight control, dye receptivity), adipic acid is one of the purest materials produced on a large scale. In addition to food-additive and polyamide specifications, other special requirements arise from the variety of other appHcations. Table 8 summarizes the more important specifications. Typical impurities iaclude monobasic acids arising from the air oxidation step ia synthesis, and lower dibasic acids and nitrogenous materials from the nitric acid oxidation step. Trace metals, water, color, and oils round out the usual specification Hsts. 

Lewis acids, such as the haUde salts of the alkaline-earth metals, Cu(I), Cu(II), 2inc, Fe(III), aluminum, etc, are effective catalysts for this reaction (63). The ammonolysis of polyamides obtained from post-consumer waste has been used to cleave the polymer chain as the first step in a recycle process in which mixtures of nylon-6,6 and nylon-6 can be reconverted to diamine (64). The advantage of this approach Hes in the fact that both the adipamide [628-94-4] and 6-aminohexanoamide can be converted to hexarnethylenediarnine via their respective nitriles in a conventional two-step process in the presence of the diamine formed in the original ammonolysis reaction, thus avoiding a difficult and cosdy separation process. In addition, the mixture of nylon-6,6 and nylon-6 appears to react faster than does either polyamide alone. 

In the adhesives area, thermoplastic, fatty polyamides are used in hot-melt and heat-seal adhesives for leather, paper, plastic and metal. Blends of EDA- and DETA-based polyamides are suggested for use in metal can seam sealants with improved toughness (234) pressure sensitive adhesives have been formulated with DETA-based polyamides (235) and anionic and cationic suspensoid adhesives are used as heat-seal coatings in paper converting (236). PIP and certain PIP derivatives are used with EDA in some appHcations (237). 

Figure 5 Z-plot of polyamide delaminated from Cu metal film. Entire spectra have been...

Nitrile rubber adhesives. The main application corresponds to laminating adhesives. PVC, polyvinyl acetate and other polymeric films can be laminated to several metals, including aluminium and brass, by using NBR adhesives. NBR adhesives can also be used to join medium-to-high polarity rubbers to polyamide substrates. The adhesive properties of NBR rubbers can be further improved by chemical modification using polyisocyanate or by grafting with methyl methacrylate. 

Polyamides (nylon). There are several different types of nylon (e.g. nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 11) but as a family their characteristics of strength, stiffness and toughness have earned them a reputation as engineering plastics. Table 1.3 compares the relative merits of light metal alloys and nylon. 

Rhodia Phamiaceutical Ingredients Division, 159 Rhodia Phosphate Products Division, 159 Rhodia Polyamide Division, 159 RHODINE , acetylsalicylic acid, 115 Rhodium metal, 115... 

Fibers in which the basic chemical units have been formed by chemical synthesis, followed by fiber formation, are called synthetic fibers. Examples include nylon, carbon, boron fibers, organic fibers, ceramic fibers, and metallic fibers. Among all commercially available fibers, Kevlar fibers exhibit high strength and modulus. (Kevlar is a DuPont trademark for poly [p-phenylene diamine terephthalamide].) It is an aromatic polyamide (aramid) in which at least 85% of the... 

Nylon (Polyamide) PA is a crystalline plastic and the first and largest consumption of the engineering thermoplastic. This family of TPs are tough, slippery, with good electrical properties, but hygroscopic and with dimensional stability lower than most other engineering types. Also offered in reinforced and filled grades as a moderately priced metal replacement. 

Acid anhydride-diol reaction, 65 Acid anhydride-epoxy reaction, 85 Acid binders, 155, 157 Acid catalysis, of PET, 548-549 Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of nylon-6, 567-568 of nylon-6,6, 568 Acid chloride, poly(p-benzamide) synthesis from, 188-189 Acid chloride-alcohol reaction, 75-77 Acid chloride-alkali metal diphenol salt interfacial reactions, 77 Acid chloride polymerization, of polyamides, 155-157 Acid chloride-terminated polyesters, reaction with hydroxy-terminated polyethers, 89 Acid-etch tests, 245 Acid number, 94 Acidolysis, 74 of nylon-6,6, 568... 

Two-shot techniques for acyclic diene metathesis, 435-445 for polyamides, 149-164 for polyimides, 287-300 for polyurethanes, 241-246 for transition metal coupling, 483-490 Anionic deactivation, 360 Anionic polymerization, 149, 174 of lactam, 177-178 Apolar solvents, 90 Aprotic polar solvents, 185, 338 Aprotic solvents, low-temperature condensation in, 302 Aqueous coating formulations, 235 Aqueous polyoxymethylene glycol, depolymerization of, 377 Aqueous systems, 206 Ardel, 20, 22... 

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