Uses of chemical modification

VHL Lee. (1993). Improved ocular drug delivery by use of chemical modification (prodrugs). In P Edman, ed. Biopharmaceutics of Ocular Drug Delivery. Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, pp 121-143. 

There have been a number of studies concerned with the use of chemical modification for the purpose of providing a means of bonding between wood surfaces. Conventionally,... 

In particular, we have concentrated on developing techniques for isolating protein to attain this objective we have studied the practical use of chemical modification. The application of chemical modification to food proteins has been explored for several purposes to block deteriorative interactions between reactive groups (e.g., e-NH2 and reducing sugars) to improve functional properties (solubility, flavor, and thermal stability) to enhance nutritive value and digestibility to facilitate the elucidation of interrelationship between structure and functional properties (6,7,8,9) and, as discussed herein, to facilitate the preparation of protein isolates. 

Chemical Use of chemical modification to identify enzymes in the proteome and to... 

Various formulation concepts have been introduced as potential ways to protect peptide and protein drugs from the hostile GI environment to increase their oral absorption such as use particulate drug carriers (microspheres, lipo-somes, and lectins), coadministration of enzyme inhibitors and absorption enhancers, use of chemical modification (prodrug), and site-specific delivery to the colon or rectum. Some of these approaches are discussed later. 

Carboxypeptidase A is one of the most intensely investigated zinc metalloenzymes. The enzyme as isolated contains 1 g-atom of zinc per protein molecular weight of 34,600. Removal of the metal atom either by dialysis at low pH or by treatment with chelating agents gives a totally inactive apoenzyme (46). Activity can be restored by readdition of zinc or one of a number of other di-valent metal ions (47). Through a combined use of chemical modification and transient state kinetic studies, it has been possible to determine the role of zinc in the catalysis of ester and peptide hydrolysis by this enzyme. 

The use of chemical modification for the fixation of imprints was proposed by one of the author of this paper in 1986. The idea is clear from Figure 5. In the first stage template molecules are adsorbed in small concentration on the surface, say the surface of... 

Biological Considerations with Chemically Modified Food Proteins. Perhaps the greatest barrier to the use of chemical modification of food proteins is the biological one. The following are some of the factors to be considered. 

V.H.L. Lee, Improved ocular delivery by use of chemical modification (prodrugs), in "Biopharmaceutics... 

---