Poly vinyl-pyridine , synthesis

Template polymerization for polypeptide synthesis was reported by Ballard and Bamford (63) and described in detail in Reference 2. The substrate for the synthesis was V -carboxy-a-amino acid anhydride (NCA). The first step consists in the reaction of NCA with secondary amine on the end of the polypeptide template. The ring-opening process and the elimination of CO2 then proceeds as a chain reaction. Valuable experimental material concerning the polymerization of many different N-carboxyanhydrides initiated by many different polypeptides (64-66) as well as by poly(vinyl pyridine) (67,68) was collected by Imanishi and co-workers. 

Investigation of template poly condensation kinetics has only been studied within a very narrow scope. Polymerization of dimethyl tartrate with hexamethylene diamine was found to be enhanced by using as a template poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), poly(2-vinyl pyridine), or polysaccharides and poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(4-vinyl pyridine). In this case, the template can be treated as a catalyst. No information exists on the influence of the template on the order of reaction. The increase in molecular weight of the polymerization product by the template can be induced by a shift of equilibrium or by an increase in the reaction rate. A similar increase in the reaction rate was observed when poly(4-vi-nyl pyridine) was used in the synthesis of poly(terephtalamides) activated by triphenyl phosphite.The authors suggested that a high molecular weight template was involved in the increase of the local concentration of the substrate (terephthalic acid) by adsorption and activation via N-phosphonium salt of poly(4- vinyl pyridine). 

Au NPs have been synthesized in polymeric micelles composed of amphiphilic block copolymers. Poly(styrene)-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine) in toluene has been used as nanocompartments loaded with a defined amount of HAuCl4 and reduced with anhydrous hydrazine. The metal ions can be reduced in such a way that exactly one Au NP is formed in each micelle, where each particle is of equal size between 1 and 15 nm [113]. In another example, the addition of HAuCfi to the triblock copolymer (PS-b-P2VP-b-PEO) (polystyrene-block-poly-2-vinyl pyridine-block-polyethylene oxide) permits the synthesis of Au N Ps using two different routes, such as the reduction of AuC14 by electron irradiation during observation or by addition of an excess of aqueous NaBH4 solution [114]. 

Wang Y, Wei G, Wen F, Zhang X, Zhang W, Shi L (2008) Synthesis of gold nanoparticles stabilized with poly((V-isopropylacrylamide)-co-poly(4-vinyl pyridine) colloid and their application in responsive catalysis. J Mol Catal A Chem 280 1-6... 

Gallot has described the synthesis of poly(butadiene-b-vinyl naphthalene)while Szwarc has prepared p-xylylene block copolymers containing vinyl pyridine or styrene. These latter copolymers are prepared by producing p-xylylene vapor in the presence of "living" polystyrene or vinyl pyridine anions, or by the novel reaction of vinyl pyridine with p-xylylene radicals Block copolymers of ferrocenylmethyl methacrylate have also been prepared( 0). 

Early reports of the preparation of nano-objects from bulk assembly of block copolymers focused on the synthesis of spherical nanostmctures. The versatility of the technique toward polymers of varied compositions was demonstrated by Ishizu et al. through the use of several polymeric systems including poly(styrene)-btocfe-poly(4-vinyl pyridine). 

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MACROCYCLIC POLY (2-VINYL PYRIDINE) AND THE EFFECT OF A RIGID COUPLING AGENT ON ITS PROPERTIES... 

Schacher, F., Yuan, J., Schoberth, H.G., and Muller, A.H.E. (2010) Synthesis, characterization, and bulk crosslinking of polybutadiene-Wocl -poly(2-vinyl pyridine)-Woc -poly(reri-butyl methacrylate) block terpolymers. Polymer, 51,2021-2032. 

Other attempts made by Rempp et al. [48, 49] and VoUmert et al. [50] used a similar method but changed the solvent conditions using, for example, a mixture of benzene and tetrahydrofuran (THF). This allowed good coupling for the synthesis of cyclic polymers with different building blocks such as poly(2-vinyl pyridine), polybutadiene, poly(dimethylsiloxane), poly(propylene oxide), poly(ethylene oxide), and a variety of other polymers (Scheme 4). 

Poly(isopropyl vinyl ether-alt-MA), 316, 621 Poly(isopropyl-o-vinyl formal-alt-MA), 328 Poly(itaconic anhydride), 240 Poly(lauryl methacrylate-co-MA), 284 Poly(maleic acid) applications, 239, 261 ionization properties, 260 physical properties, 259 polyelectrolyte behavior, 260 solution properties, 259 synthesis by pyridine polymer, 259 thermal properties, 260 titration behavior, 260 Poly (maleic anhydride), 232, 239-262 analysis methods, 241, 245, 248, 249, 254,... 

Martin et al (1992) reported synthesis of a variety of monosaccharides with vinyl acrylate in pyridine to obtain 6-acryloyl esters and later on polymerized them in DMF solvent with AIBN as the initiator to give poly(acrylate) products. Enzymatic reactions have been used to synthesize linear polymers with sugar as part of the main chain (Patil et al, 1991b). More recently, several new lipase grafting reactions on polysaccharides have been carried out. Polysaccharides are... 

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