Macrocyclic poly

Misaka H, Kakuchi R, Zhang C, Sakai R, Satoh T, Kakuchi T (2009) Synthesis of well-defined macrocyclic poly(5-valerolactone) by click cyclization . Macromolecules 42 5091-5096... 

MACROCYCLIC POLY AMINES, 58, 86, 90 MACROLIDES, 58, 98 Magnesium, bromo phenyl, 58, 138 Magnesium methyl carbonate, 56, 121 Maleic acid, methyl ester, 56, 63 Manganese, tricarbonyl[(l,2,3,4,5-7))-l-carboxy-2,4-cyclopentadien 1 yl], ... 

Macrocyclic derivatives are of considerable importance in biological areas and as complexing agents, particularly for metals. Macrocyclic examples are given in MACROLIDES FROM CYCLIZATION OF w-BROMOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS 11-HYDROXYUNDECANOIC LACTONE and MACROCYCLIC POLY AMINES 1,4,7,10,13,16-HEX AAZ ACYCLOOCT ADE-... 

In the major isomer, the bipyridinium unit is located inside the cavity of the macrocyclic poly ether and the /7Y//7,v-bis(pyridinium)ethylene unit is positioned alongside, as confirmed by the electrochemical analysis. The cyclic voltammo-gram of the catenane shows four monoelectronic processes that, by a comparison with the data obtained for the free cyclophane, can be attributed as follows the first and third processes to the first and second reductions of the bipyridinium unit, and the second and fourth ones to the first and second reductions of the trans-bis (pyridinium)ethylene unit. The comparison with the tetracationic cyclophane also evidences that all these reductions are shifted toward more negative potential values (Fig. 13.33b). 

A.3 G. W. Gokel and S. H. Korzeniowski, Macrocyclic Poly ether Syntheses, Springer, Berlin, 1982. 

Solov ev, V.P. Vnuk, E.A. Strakhova, N.N. Raevsky, O.A. Thermodynamics of Complexation of the Macrocyclic Poly ethers with Salts of Alkali and Alkaline-Earth Metals (Russ.). VINITI Moscow, 1991. 

The polymerization of lactones with tin alkoxides is thought to follow the co-ordination-insertion mechanism[77a]. The ring-opening of the monomer proceeds through acyl-oxygen cleavage with retention of the configuration. Tin(IV) complexes have been used to produce predominantly syndiotactic poly((3-hy-droxybutyrate) [78,79],macrocyclic poly((3-hydroxybutyrate) [80],poly(e-CL), and polylactide [77,76,81]. 

Zolotukhin et al. have prepared the macrocyclic poly(arylene thioether ketone) 113 to study ring-opening polymerization <2004MM2041>. Compound 113 was prepared by the reaction of 4,4 -bis(4"-fluorobenzoyl)diphenyl ether with 4,4 -thiodiphenol in iV,iV-dimethylacetamide under a high dilution condition in a poor 9% yield. Structure of 113 was confirmed by X-ray analysis. 

Figure 11 Synthesis of macrocyclic poly(vinyl ethers) starting from a asymmetrically hexafunctional monomer [226].

Stannyl thiolates were recently shown to be applicable to the formation of the macrocyclic poly-thiolactones (23) and (24), according to equation (16). ... 

Rajca, S., Rajca, A., Wongsriratanakul, J., Butler, P. and Choi, S. (2004). Organic spin clusters. Dendritic-macrocyclic poly ary lmethyl polyradical with very high-spin of 5=10 and its derivatives synthesis, magnetic studies, and small angle neutron scattering. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 6972-6986... 

Recently, the group of Deffieux181 presented the synthesis and solution properties of macrocyclic poly-(styrene-/rethylene oxide). The synthetic route involved the preparation of a linear a-diethylacetal-a -styrenyl poly(styrene-b-ethylene oxide) precursor and cyclization by cationic activation with SnCh catalyst. The a-diethylacetal-poly(styrene-/rethyl-ene oxide) precursor was synthesized by using a-di-ethylacetalpropyllithium as initiator of styrene. The functional living PS was end-capped with ethylene oxide, and the resulted cu-hydroxyl group was reacted with diphenylmethylpotassium. The potassium alkox-... 

To appreciate the wealth and diversity of crown ethers and their inclusion possibilities see for example Macrocyclic Poly ether Synthesis, G. W. Gokel and S. H. Korzeniowski, vol. 13 in Reactivity and structure concepts in organic chemistry, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1982. 

Several polydentate N-ligands were shown to make macrocyclic poly aza complexes in the supercages of FAU-typc zeolites [7, 48]. In order to fully understand the coordination chemistry of Ni2 and Co2+, ESR, UV-VIS-NIR, Raman, and magnetic techniques were applied. The formation of [Co(II)cyclam]Y is clearly established, the cis... 

A series of di-, tri- and tetra-aza cyclic and macrocyclic poly(methylenephosphonic acids) has been prepared through the Mannich-type process for use as complexones. The simplest is the piperazine-based diacid 235 and the analogous compounds based on 1,4,7-triaza-cyclononane 236 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (237) and larger ring... 

Macrocyclic poly amines as biological cation and anion complexones — an application to calculi dissolution. E. Kimura, Top. Curr. Chem., 1985,128,113 (85). 

BOhmer has recently shown that the presence of chloride can dictate the size of macrocyclic poly-urea systems. The reaction between diamine 1 and diisocyanate 2 yield the macrocyclic species 3 and 4 in a 5 1 ratio (see Scheme 1) [24]. 

As noted above, a goal of the lariat ether work was to develop eompounds that might function in a fashion similar to valinomycin. A dozen crown ethers, including two 1.3-xylyl-21-crown-6 macrocyclic poly ether 2-car-boxylic acid lariat ethers, were prepared and tested in vitro for biological activity. Several of the compounds showed activity and are thought to be functional mimics of ionophore antibiotics. 

Kricheldorf, H.R., Langanke, D., Spickermann, J., and Schmidt, M., Macrocycles 10. Macrocyclic Poly (l,4-butanediol-ester)s by Polycondensation of 2-stanna-1,3-dioxepane with Dicarboxylic Acid Chlorides, MacromoZeci/Zes, 32,3559,1999. 

Kricheldorf, H. R., Langanke, D., Spickermann, J., and Schmidt, M., Macrocydes. 10. Macrocyclic Poly(l,4-butanediol-esters)s by Polycondensation of 2-Stanna-1,3-dioxepane with Dicarboxylic Acid Chlorides, Macromolecules, 32,3559,1999. Jedlinshi, Z., Juzwa, M., Adamus, G., Kowalczuk, M., and Montaudo, M., Anionic Polymerization of Pentadecanolide. A New Route to a Potentially Biodegradable Aliphatic Polyester, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 197, 2923,1996. 

Inclusion of transition metals cations into cavity of macrocycle poly-efiier is proved by now by various physical-chemical methods. At that the concrete structure of complex is determined not only by geometric accordance of metal ion and crown-ether cavity but by the whole totality of electron and spatial factors created by metal, polyether and other ligand atoms and also by solvent [87]. 

Rings s. a. Adamantanes, Alcohols, cyclic, Hetero-cyclics, Isocyclics, Ketones, cyclic, Macrocyclics, Poly-cyclics, Propellanes -, condensed highly condensed s. Cage compds. 

Dagger, A. C. Semiyen, J. A., Studies of Cyclic and Linear Poly(dimethylsiloxanes) 34. Preparation, Fractionation and Characterization of the First Per-Deuterated Macrocyclic Poly(dimethylsiloxane). Polym. Commun. 1999,40, 3243-3245. 

Coordination chemistry complex stability. The sizes of the hydrophilic cavities of the macrocyclic poly ethers (13) can be compared with the radii of unsolvated ions of alkali metal ions (1,4) (Table 2.1). The predicted Optimal Spatial Fit Concept (circular recognition) between 12-crown-4 (3) and Li" ", 15-crown-5 (16) and Na", 18-crown-6 (15) and is confirmed by experimentally determined thermodynamic stability constants (15) (iCJ, i.e. the better the fit of the guest cation into the cavity of the host the larger Kg. Figure 2.3 clearly demonstrates the relationship between cation radius/cavity radius size and the stability constant of the respective complexes (15). 

Macrocyclic poly lactones, polylactams and related compounds 459... 

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MACROCYCLIC POLY (2-VINYL PYRIDINE) AND THE EFFECT OF A RIGID COUPLING AGENT ON ITS PROPERTIES... 

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