Poly pnBMA

Figure 15. Influence of the Polyester Yellow dye film absorbance and polymer binder material on the marking threshold energy. PnBMA = poly(n-butyl methacrylate) PiBMA = poly(isobutyl methacrylate) PS = polystyrene PsBMA = poly (sec-butyl methacrylate) PVB = polyvinylbutyl PMMA = polymethyl methacrylate PVAC = polyvinylacetate, S-iBMA = poly(styrene-co-isobutyl methacrylate), PC = polycarbonate S-AN — poly(styrene-co-...

Although an accessible temperature range is restricted by complication of subphase water evaporation, there have been some reports on temperature-dependent investigations with homopolymers. Yoo and Yu [105] studied PVAc and poly( -butyl methacrylate)(P BMA) as the prototype of good solvent and poor solvent cases. Both were over a range of 15 °C, 10-25 °C and 15-30 °C respectively, and PnBMA required the inclusion of // assum-... 

For demonstration, the SEC behavior of different polymethacrylates is given in Fig. 6. On silica gel as the stationary phase and methyl ethyl ketone as the eluent, all polymethacrylates elute in the SEC mode. The calibration curves of elution volume vs. molar mass for poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(ferf-butyl methacrylate) (PtBMA), poly( -butyl methacrylate) (PnBMA) and po-ly(decyl methacrylate) (PDMA) reflect the inability of the system to separate dif-... 

This paper reviews the application of IGC in determining interaction parameters for three polymer blend systems polystyrene-poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PS-PnBMA), polystyrene-poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PS-PPO), and poly(vinylidene fluoride)-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PVF2-PMMA)... 

Materials. All solutes were chromatographic quality or reagent grade and were used without further purification. The polystyrene samples (PS Mw = 110,000, Mw/Mn <1.06 PSl Mn = 1709, Mw/Mn <1.06) were obtained from Polysciences and Pressure Chemical Co., respectively. Poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PnBMA ... 

The JG and the a-Relaxations of Poly(n-butyl methacrylate) in Poly(n-butyl-methacrylate-stat-styrene) Random Copolymers. The copolymers of poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PwBMA) and polystyrene (PS) is one example [338,339]. Here PnBMA is the lower Tg component A. Neat PnBMA has n = 0.47 and a JG relaxation. On increasing the styrene content from 0 to 66 mol% in the copolymer, a monotonic increase of nA of the PnBMA component leads to a concomitant increase in the separation of the JG relaxation from the segmental relaxation, both of the PwBMA component. This changes were observed in the dielectric relaxation experiment. 

Figure 2. Conflict requirement between the sensitivity and dryetching durability in positive electron resists based on methacrylate polymers. Sputter etching rates were measured under the same conditions using CF, gas. Key 1, poly(p-methoxypheny1 methacrylate) 2, poly(phenyI methacrylate) (PPhMA) 3, poly(3-phenylpropyl meyhacrylate) 4, poly(benzyl methacrylate) 5, poly(p-methoxybenzyl methacrylate) 6, poly(p-fluorophenyl methacrylate 7, poly(trichloropheny1 methacrylate) 8, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) 9, poly(tert-buty1 methacrylate) 10, poly(ethyl methacrylate) 11, poly(isobutyl methacrylate) 12, poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PnBMA) 13, poly(dimethyltetrafluoro methacrylate) (FPM) 14, poly(trichloromethyl methacrylate) (EBR-1) and 15, poly(hexafluorobutyl methacrylate) (FBM).

Among the poly(n-alkyl methacrylate)s, the most studied ones are PMMA (poly-(methyl methacrylate)) [40, 50-51,102-104], PEMA (poly(ediyl methacrylate)) [40, 50-51,103-108] and PnBMA (poly(n-butyl methacrylate)) [40, 51, 103-106, 109], mainly by DRS and NMR (studies previous to 1965 have been reviewed in [2]). The development of the NMR technique and the increase of the frequency window in DRS brought new insights into the molecular dynamics of these materials (see [110] for details and references therein). 

As host polymer matrices we used poly(alkyl methacrylate)s with various ester groups (methyl PMMA, ethyl PEMA, isopropyl PiPMA, normalpropyl PnPMA, isobutyl PiBMi normjdbutyl PnBMA), poly(methyl acrylate), polyethylene (PE), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVQ, poly(vinylidene chloride) (PVDQ, j lyfvinyl alcohol) (PVOH), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PQ, phenolphthalein polyedier-ketone (PEK-Q, and phenolphthalein polyether-sulfone (PES-C). 

Figure 2.6 shows the calibration curves for poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PnBMA), poly(decyl methacrylate) (PDMA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(ferfbutyl methacrylate) (PtBMA). It can be seen that the lines are almost parallel to each other, which implies that the slope hi is approximately constant, whereas bo varies. The changes in bo correspond to a change in the molar mass, and they may be quite large. For instance, when tetrahy-drofuran (TUF) is used as a solvent, polystyrene (at a given elution volume) has a mass tirat is about two times the mass of polycarbonate. It can be concluded that every polymer has its own calibration line, corresponding to a specific set of values for bo and b in Eq. 2.25. 

Figure 5.21 TEM images of poly(w-butyl methacrylate)-grafted MWCNTs with azido groups (MWCNT-Az-PnBMA) (a), MWCNTs grafted with both poly( -butyl methacrylate) and poly(ethylene glycol) brushes (MWNT-PnBMA-PEG) (b, c). (d) Cartoon for the local phase separation and assembly of amphiphilic polymer brushes into Janus polymer structures on CNTs as shown in (c) (marked by arrows), (e) Photograph of MWCNT-PnBMA-PEG dispersed in a mixed solvent of water (upper layer) and chloroform (bottom layer). Reprint with permission from Zhang et al...

Poly(vinyl acetate) vs. others PVAc/PnBMA PVAc/PDMS PVAc/PTMO... 

Poly(methyl methacrylate) vs. others PMMA/PnBMA PMMA/PtBMA... 

PCP = polychloroprene, PDMS = polydimethylsiloxane, PE = polyethylene, B-PE = branched polyethylene, L-PE = linear polyethylene, PEO = poly(ethylene oxide), PE VAc = poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate), PIB = polyisobutylene, PMMA = poly(methyl methacrylate), PnBMA = poly(n-butyl methacrylate), PiBMA = poly(isobutyl methacrylate), PtBMA = poly(t-butyl methacrylate), PP = polypropylene, PS = polystyrene, PTMO = poly(tetramethylene oxide) or polytetrahydrofuran, PVAc = poly(vinyl acetate). 

The thermal behavior and the sphemlitic morphology of PEO/PMMA have been widely explored by many authors (Li and Hsu, 1984 Martuscelli et al., 1986 Silvestre et al., 1987 Talibuddin et al., 1996 Martuscelli et al., 1987 Schantz, 1997). Other than the extensively documented PEO/PMMA system, no other acrylate polymers like poly(propyl methacrylate (PPMA), poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA), poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) (PCMA), and so on are recognized for their miscibility with PEO, and until recently, poly (phenyl methacrylate) (PPhMA) (Woo et al., 2000), poly (benzyl methacrylate) (PBzMA) (Mandal et al., 2000), poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PnBMA) (Shafee and Ueda, 2002), PMA... 

L-PE Linear polyethylene PnBMA Poly(n-butyl methacrylate) PS Polystyrene PVA Poly(vinyl acetate)... 

Also included in Table 13.1 are data for several poly-(alkyl methacrylates) including poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (5), poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) (6), poly-(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) (7), poly(n-propyl methacrylate) (PnPMA) (8), poly( -butyl methacrylate) (PnBMA) (9), and poly (isobutyl methacrylate) (PiBMA) (10). 

In the case of poly(methacrylates) with longer alkyl groups such as poly(isobutyl methacrylate) (PiBMA) and poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PnBMA), a low-temperature (y) relaxatiOT is reported near 125-133 K due to side-chain motions involving the four-atom sequence —O—C—C—C or —C—C—C—C— [36]. Poly(isopropyl methacrylate) (PiPM A) which does not have this sequence does not exhibit a relaxation at 120 K but does show one at 50 K (1,000 Hz) similar to that reported for PEMA (see Table 13.1). In those two cases, the low-temperature (5) relaxation is attributed to rotation of the isopropyl or ethyl group that is attached to the COO group [37]. Esteve-Marco et al. [38] have reported results of dielectric measurements and molecular mechanics calculations of poly(chloroethyl methacrylate) and poly-(chloropropyl methacrylate). 

PMA, poly(methyl acrylate) PEA, poly(ethyl acrylate) PBA, poly(n-butyl acrylate) PCA, poly(cyclohexyl acrylate) PMMA, poly(methyl methacrylate) PEMA, poly(ethyl methacrylate) PHEMA, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) PnPMA, poly(n-propyl methacrylate) PnBMA, poly(n-butyl methacrylate) PiBMA, poly(isobutyl methacrylate). 

Figure 2. a.) CO2 sorption in polystyrene and poly(n-butyl methacrylate). The solid lines are calculated results using the Sanchez-Lacombe equation of state with binary interaction parameters, 6y of 0.05 and -0.004 for PS/CO2 and PnBMA/C02 respectively, b.) CO2 sorption in PS, PVME and a PS/PVME blend at 20.6 "C. Solid lines are S-L fits using a 6y of -0.04 for PVME/CO2 and 0.018 for the pseudo-binary blend/C02 system (see section 4 for details). 

Another class of polymers with interesting intersegmental structure and packing properties are the poly(w-alkyl methacrylates) (55,56). Figure 13 gives the waxs pattern of PMMA, PnBMA, PnHMA, PnDMA, and PnLMA. With the exception of PMMA, the waxs spectra for poly( -alkyl methacrylates) show three peaks (arrows 1, 2, and 3 in Fig. 13b). The peak at high q, with an equivalent... 

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