Poly intravenous injection

Merdan T, Kunath K, Petersen H, Bakowsky U, Voigt KH, Kopecek J, Kissel T (2005) PEGylation of poly(ethylene imine) affects stability of complexes with plasmid DNA under in vivo conditions in a dose-dependent manner after intravenous injection into mice. Bioconjug Chem 16 785-792... 

Borchard, G. and Kreuter, J. (1993) Interaction of serum components with poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles and the resulting body distribution after intravenous injection inJt te jg Target 1 15-93. 

VEGF Rat Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid microspheres vs. protein solutions Subcutaneous vinjection of microspheres vs. intravenous injection of solutions VEGF in microspheres administered subcutaneously was detected with low plasma concentrations and high subcutaneous concentrations over a period of 7 weeks. VEGF in solution administered intravenously was rapidly cleared with high plasma concentrations as expressed by rapid absorption and elimination [- ]... 

The beneficial character of low toxicity may be described as the fourth advantage. Generally, polymeric siufactants are known to be less toxic than low molecular weight siufactants such as sodiiun dodecyl sulfate. In fact, some Plxmonic block copol3rmers [poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly-(propylene oxide)] have been approved for intravenous injection. Further information about Plxmonic block copolymers can be obtained in another chapter written by Bronich and Kabanov. 

Hammond and coworkers reported tumor-specific intracellular delivery of poly-L-Lysine (PEL) coated quantum dots surface functionalized with PEG via a pH-labile iminobiotin-neutravidin bond (QD/PLLib/nav/PEG) for tumor acidosis triggered PEL positive charge exposure and cellular internalization [63], While the PEG layer allowed similar tumor biodistribution of QD/PEEib/nav/PEG and control particles prepared with a pH-stable biotin-neutravidin bond (QD/PEEb/nav/PEG) shortly after intravenous injection (30 min and 8 h), tumor-selective exposure of PEE enhanced tumor retention of QD/PEEib/nav/PEG at 48 h. Interestingly, QD/PEEib/nav/PEG nanoparticles selectively distributed to hypoxic regions of tumors, as expected from the correlation between hypoxia and acidosis [53]. 

In another study, PLGA nanoparticles coated with poloxamer 188 or poly-sorbate 80 enabled an efficient brain delivery of the drugs after intravenous injection. Pharmacological tests that used rats could demonstrate that therapeutic amounts of the drugs were delivered to the sites of action in the brain and showed the high efficiency of the surfactant-coated PLGA nanoparticles for brain delivery. ... 

Systemic targeting of pDNA and siRNA polyplexes has been demonstrated in several animal models. In continuation of the work with localized antiproliferative and immunostimulatory poly(I C) RNA, intravenous systemic delivery of EGER-targeted PEG-modified polyplexes were successfully used for human carcinoma treatment in mice [225]. The therapeutic effect was most pronounced when intravenous delivery of poly(I C) polyplexes was followed by intraperitoneal injection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells [226]. This induced the complete cure of SCID mice with pre-established disseminated EGFR-overexpressing tumors, without adverse toxic effects. Due to the chemokines produced by the internalized poly (I C) in the tumor cells, the immune cells home to the tumors of the treated animal and contribute to the tumor destruction. 

---