Dextran poly -grafted

Ferdous, A., Watanabe, H., Akaike, T. and Mamyama, A. (1998) Poly( 1-lysine>graft-dextran copolymer amazing effects on triplex stabilization under physiological pH and ionic conditions (in vitro). Nucleic Acids Res., 26, 3949-3954. 

YDE 00] Ydens L, Rutot D., Degee P., et al, Controlled synthesis of poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-grafted dextran copolymers as potential enviromnentally fiiendly surfactants , Macrowo/eca/es, vol. 33, no. 18, pp. 6713-6721,2000. 

Recently, new classes of synthetic and natural polymers such as zwitterionic polymers [215-221], peptoids [222], carbohydrate and glycerol derivatives [223-225], and poly-L-lysine-graft-dextran [226] have anerged as candidate materials for the development of non-PEG protein-resistant surfaces. For example, Jiang and coworkers danonstrated that zwitterionic materials such as poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) were not only highly resistant to nonspecific protein adsorption [227-230] but also able to significantly decrease bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation [231]. 

C. Perrino, S. Lee, S.W. Choi, A. Maruyama, N.D. Spencer, Abiomi-metic alternative to poly (ethylene glycol) as an antifouling coating resistance to nonspecific protein adsorption of poly (L-lysine)-graft-dextran, Langmuir 24 (2008) 8850-8856. 

Ydens I, Degee P, Nouvel C, Dellacherie E, Six JL, Dubois P (2005) Surfactant-free stable nanoparticles from biodegradable and amphiphilic poly(e caprolactone)-grafted dextran copolymers. e-Polymers 46 1-11... 

Prabu P, Chaudhari AA, Dharmaraj N et al (2008) Preparation, characterization, in-vitro drug release and cellular uptake of poly (caprolactone) grafted dextran copolymeric nanoparticles loaded with anticancer drug. J Biomed Mater Res 90 1128-1136... 

Ferdous, A., Akaike, T., Maruyama, A. Inhibition of sequence-specific protein-DNA interaction and restriction endonuclease cleavage via triplex stabilization by poly(L-lysine)-graft-dextran copolymer. Biomacromolecules 1, 186-193 (2000). doi 10.1021/ bm9900141... 

Perrino, C., Lee, S., Spencer, NT). A biomimetic alternative to PEG as an anti fouling coating resistance to non-specific protein adsorption of poly(L-lysine)-graft-dextran. Langmuir 24, 8850-8856 (2008). doi 10.1021/la800947z... 

End-grafted Sugar Chains as Aqueous Lubricant Additives Synthesis and Macrotribological Tests of Poly(L-Lysine)-graft-Dextran (PLL-g-dex) Copolymers... 

A Biomimetic Alternative to PEG as an Antifouling Coating Resistance to Non-Specific Protein Adsorption of Poly(L-Lysine)-Graft-Dextran Chiara Perrino, Seunghwan Lee, Sung Won Choi, Atsushi Maruyama,... 

Poly(DL-lactide- co-glycolide)-grafted dextran Nanoparticles To enhance antitumor effect of adriamycin [23]... 

Choi KC, et al. Antitumor effect of adriamycin-encapsulated nanoparticles of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide)-grafted dextran. J Pharm Sci. 2009 98(6) 2104-12. 

Ydens I, Rutot D, Degee P, Six J-L, Dellacherie E, Dubois P. Controlled synthesis of poly(e-caprolactone)-grafted dextran copoly mers as potential environmentally friendly surfactants. Macromolecules 2000 33(18) 6713-21. 

Dextran-g-poly (L-lysine) (Dex-g-PLL) Graft copolymer DNA duplex and triplex stabilization (Maruyama et a ., 1997)... 

Fig. 63 Controlled synthesis of poly(e-caprolactone) grafted onto dextran via partially silylated dextran...

Poly(amino acid)s (PAAs) have also been used in drug delivery PEO-(l-aspartic acid) block copolymer nano-associates , formed by dialysis from a dimethyl acetamide solution against water, could be loaded with vasopressin. PLA-(L-lysine) block copolymer microcapsules loaded with fluorescently labelled (FITC) dextran showed release profiles dependent on amino acid content. In a nice study, poly(glutamate(OMe)-sarcosine) block copolymer particles were surface-grafted with poly(A-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAAm) to produce a thermally responsive delivery system FITC-dextran release was faster below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) than above it. PAAs are prepared by ring-opening polymerisation of A-carboxyanhydride amino acid derivatives, as shown in Scheme 1. 

Other hydrophihc polymers have been conceived as alternatives to dextran [6]. For example, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacryl acid derivatives are feasible and graft combinations thereof have been shown to be applicable to SPR detection [14]. Poly-L-lysine has become popular for DNA microarray coatings, due to its highly positive charge. It has also been attached to SAM-derivatized gold surfaces for subsequent modification with thiol reactive groups [15]. 

Due to the relative ease of control, temperature is one of the most widely used external stimuli for the synthesis of stimulus-responsive bmshes. In this case, thermoresponsive polymer bmshes from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) are the most intensively studied responsive bmshes that display a lower critical solution temperature (LOST) in a suitable solvent. Below the critical point, the polymer chains interact preferentially with the solvent and adopt a swollen, extended conformation. Above the critical point, the polymer chains collapse as they become more solvophobic. Jayachandran et reported the synthesis of PNIPAM homopolymer and block copolymer brushes on the surface of latex particles by aqueous ATRP. Urey demonstrated that PNIPAM brushes were sensitive to temperature and salt concentration. Zhu et synthesized Au-NPs stabilized with thiol-terminated PNIPAM via the grafting to approach. These thermosensitive Au-NPs exhibit a sharp, reversible, dear opaque transition in solution between 25 and 30 °C. Shan et al. prepared PNIPAM-coated Au-NPs using both grafting to and graft from approaches. Lv et al. prepared dual-sensitive polymer by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide from trithiocarbonate groups linked to dextran and sucdnoylation of dextran after polymerization. Such dextran-based dual-sensitive polymer is employed to endow Au-NPs with stability and pH and temperature sensitivity. 

PAT Patrizi, M.L., Piantanida, G., Coluzza, C., and Masci, G., ATRP synthesis and association properties of temperature responsive dextran copolymers grafted with poly(A-isopropylacrylamide), Eur. Polym. J., 45, 2779, 2009. 

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