Poaceae family

A similar thermal rearrangement was reported during the synthesis of the namral ben-zoxazinone 78, an allelochemical isolated from plants belonging to the Poaceae family. 

Bamboo is a grass, in the Poaceae family. The stems of bamboo are called culms. They are jointed, with regularly spaced nodes, from which sprout single leaves and branchlets. 

Accordingly, of 799 genera in the Poaceae family of grasses, 407 possess the C4 assimilation mechanism (Watson Dallwitz, 1992). In C4 plants photorespiration is inhibited by a higher concentration of CO2 around the Rubisco carbon fixing enzyme, which also facilitates carbon assimilation with less water use (Downes, 1969). Therefore, higher temperatures and limited water availability allow C4 plants to outcompete C3 types, which is the observed pattern in the field. 

There are five classes of fructans inulin, levan, mixed levan, inulin neoseries, and levan neoseries [26]. Inulin is a linear polysaccharide composed of (2-l)-P-D-fructosyl units (Figure 2.5a). Levan is a linear polysaccharide composed of (2-6)-P-D-fructosyl units (Figure 2.5b). Mixed levan is a branched polysaccharide composed of (2-1) and (2-6)-P-D-fructosyl units. Inulin neoseries is a linear polysaccharide composed of two inulin polymers that are connected together by a sucrose molecule. Levan neoseries is a linear polysaccharide composed of two levan polymers linked together by the glucose unit of the sucrose molecule. The type of fructan produced varies with plant species. For example, plants such as chicory (Cichorium intybus) and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) in the Asteraceae family produce inulin. Plants in the Liliaceae family such as garlic (Allium sativum) produce inulin neoseries. Plants in the Poaceae family such as wheat (Triticum spp.), barley (Hordeum vulgare), and oats (Avena sativa) produce mixed levan or levan neoseries. 

Maize (Zea mays) is part of the cereals, a group of grasses taxonomically belonging to the Poaceae family. It is an annual crop that can reach a height of 4 m. Corncobs represent the female inflorescences and develop 8-18 rows of 25-50 kernels. The C4 plant has a starch content of about 62% (fresh matter) [15]. 

The seeds and vegetative part of plants contain several sorts of inhibitors of insect, fungal, mammalian, and endogenous proteinases. These inhibitors may be involved in plant defense mechanisms against predators and participate in the development of the plant itself. Peptidic proteinase inhibitors are well studied in the families Fabaceae, Poaceae, Asteraceae, and Solanaceae (37). Non-proteinaceous inhibitors of serine... 

Hordeum vulgare is grass that may be either a winter or a spring annual of the POACEAE (GRAMINAE) family. It forms a rosette type of growth in fall and winter, developing elongated stems and flower... 

Coumarins occur abundantly in various plant families, e.g. Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Moraceae, Poaceae, Rutaceae and Sola-naceae. However, the Apiaceae alt. Umbelliferae) and the Rutaceae are the two most important coumarin-producing plant families. 

If Asteraceae, which are primarily herbaceous, are examined on a per-sample basis, the 192 samples that actually have been collected, are well below the predicted number of 472. Thus, while close to the predicted number of genera of Asteraceae have been sampled, the majority of species have been sampled only a single time as whole plants and the family is underrepresented on a per-sample basis. Figure 3.2 presents actual values for representative plant families with a line for predicted values. Again, most families beneath the predicted line are composed mostly of herbaceous species, but on a per sample basis, it becomes more apparent how underrepresented families like Asteraceae, Poaceae, and Orchidaceae actually are. Likewise, both Figures 3.1 and 3.2 clearly demonstrate that those families consisting mainly of woody species that are major structural elements of forests have been collected at a rate greater than would be predicted by chance. 

The genus Eleusine belonging to the family Poaceae and subfamily Chloridoideae comprises nine species. E. indica is found now in many places of the world and is treated as a weed and has been found in various archeological sites in the United States. Only E. tristachya is found in South America, the rest being endogenous to Africa. The domestication of E. coracana is discussed in Hilu and De Wet (1976). They reported that the occurrence of . africana and E. indica overlaps in Africa. The two "species" interbreed and the hybrids are weed-like. 

Barley Hordeum vulgare is a grass belonging to the family Poaceae, the tribe Triticeae and the genus Hordeum It is now the fourth most important cereal crop of the world after wheat, com and rice. Historically, barley was the major food grain in many parts of the world. This grain was used as a staple food in the Near East several... 

Oryza sativa (Poaceae) [seed] RAP (Rice allergenic protein) = RA17 (135 aa 15 kDa 10 Cys) Cereal ocAmylase /Trypsin inhibitor family homologue [305, 306]... 

Sorghum biolor (sorghum) (Poaceae) SIa4 (13 kDa 10 Cys), SIa5 (13 kDa 10 Cys) Cereal a-Amylase /Trypsin inhibitor family homologue [307]... 

Jerusalem artichoke is classified in the genus Helianthus L., in the family Asteraceae (Aster or Daisy family), in the order Asterales (Table 3.1). Asteraceae is the modem family name, introduced to supersede Compositae under Article 18 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, 1972. Compositae is used in the pre-1972 literature as the family name for Jerusalem artichoke, and it is still acceptable to use it as the family name (in the same way Cruciferae, Gramineae, and Leguminoseae, for instance, are used for the Brassicaceae, Poaceae, and Fabaceae, respectively). 

Bamboo is often used in the same ways that wood is, for furniture and as a building material. But bamboo is actually in the Poaceae, or grass family. Two genera, Bambusa and Phyllostachys, produce bamboo that is used for construction, weaving, papermaking, and for food. 

TRY/aAI family (Poaceae) [seed] famines involving wheat as a... 

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