Platelet activation signal transduction

Clemetson KJ Platelet activation signal transduction via membrane receptors. Thromb Haemost 1995 74 111. 

A platelet-activating-factor-stimulated signal-transduction pathway is a major component of the kainic-acid-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in hippocampus 584... 

The balance of opposing pro- and anti-platelet forces determines the overall hemostatic response. Successful hemostasis is achieved when assorted signal-transduction systems, mediators, white blood cells, and platelet receptors for agonists and adhesion molecules overcome the local resistance against platelet activation to generate... 

Hall DJ, Jones SD, Kaplan DR, Whitman M, Rollins BJ, Stiles CD, 1989. Evidence for a novel signal transduction pathway activated by platelet-derived growth factor and by double-stranded RNA. Mol Cell Biol 9 1705... 

Studies of peripheral NE receptor function have also shown alterations in a2 receptor and cyclic adenosine 39,59-monophosphate (cAMP) function in patients with PTSD. Decreases in platelet adrenergic a2-receptor number (Perry et al. 1987), platelet basal adenosine, isoproterenol, forskohn-stimulated cAMP signal transduction (Lerer et al. 1987), and basal platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity (Davidson et al. 1985) have been found in PTSD. These findings may reflect chronic high levels of NE release which lead to compensatory receptor down-regulation and decreased responsiveness. 

Shimizu,T., Honda, Z.,Nakamura, M., Bito,H., andI/.umi,T. (1992)Platelet-activating factor receptor and signal transduction, Biochem. Pharmacol. 44, 1001-1008. 

Oxidised LDL in the artery wall initiates a series of reactions designed to repair the damage it causes. Initial damage triggers an inflammatory response. Monocytes enter the artery waU from the bloodstream, with platelets adhering to the area of insult. This may be promoted by induction of factors such as vascular ceU adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), a cell-surface sialoglycoprotein that is expressed by cytokine-activated endothelium. This membrane protein mediates leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion and signal transduction, and may play a role in the development of atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. 

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