Planar thin films

Figure S5.2 Common geometries for non-steady-state diffusion (a) thin-film planar sandwich, (b) open planar thin film, (c) small spherical precipitate, (d) open plate, and (e) sandwich plate. In parts (a) (c) the concentration of the diffusant is unreplenished in parts (d ) and (e), the concentration of the diffusant is maintained at a constant value, c0, by gas or liquid flow.

Another approach is the use of the potentiometric principle with planar thin film electrodes on a separate chip but in close vicinity to a FET input amplifier. Glucose and urea chips are now on the market commercialized by the company i-stat. These sensors are based on ion selective electrodes. The problems of stability are circumvented by a simple on chip calibration procedure and by the use of such microelectronic electrodes as disposable single shot probes for measuring Na, K, Cl, BUN, Glucose,iCa,pH,pC02 and Hct [56,57]. 

Micro electrode arrays can also be produced by thin film technology and silicon micromachining. Electrochemical analysis using planar thin film metal electrodes as transducer can be done with high performance in vitro [59]. 

MoS2 is observed after sulfidation at temperatures above 300 °C. These results are easily reconciled with those from XPS and RBS described before, be it that the temperatures at which the changes occur are higher in the QEXAFS study, which is in fact expected for a temperature-programmed measurement. In addition, the QEXAFS were made on high-surface area catalysts, where diffusion limitations are likely, whereas the XPS studies concern planar, thin films, in which virtually all material is in contact with the gas phase. 

Preparation of Planar Thin Films for Non-IC Applications Using CMP... 

Open planar thin film Small spherical precipitate... 

Bettini, L. G., M. Galluzzi, A. Podest P. Milani, and P. Piseri. 2013. Planar thin film supercapacitor based on cluster-assembled nanostructured carbon and ionic liquid electrolyte. Carbon 59 212-220. 

Figure 2.18 Idealized impedance plot (Zr vs Z ) for a planar, thin-film electrode showing three regions high frequency kinetically-controlled region, diffusion-con-trolled region and redox capacity region.

Under the hypotheses that no = N and rj ds, the threshold voltage is equal to the pinch-off voltage Vp = Vth, and all the terms in the second row of Eq. [3.2] can be neglected to obtain Eq. [3.3]. In this case, the field-effect fibrous transistor can be considered as a planar thin film FET. 

Planar thin-film technology is applied directly on the fabric to develop a FCB. It allows the implementation of a circuit board on a plain fabric patch for wearable electronic applications. It features a soft and flexible impression, just as normal clothes do. 

This chapter reviews the fabrication and properties oftellurite planar thin films and waveguides for integrated optics. The basic properties of tellurite are summarized, and then the various techniques used for thin-film and waveguide fabrication are detailed. The latest achievements in rare earth-doped, especially erbium-doped, tellurite waveguide devices are also discussed. 

Y. Kawamoto, M. Teramoto, T. Hatano, M. Shojiya, Preparation and etching processing of planar thin film of Pr -doped fluorozirconate glass, J. Mater. Sci., 20, 5013 5016 (2001). 

Use of the LbL technique is not restricted to the preparation of planar thin films. One of the most outstanding strategy modifications of the LbL technique involves assembly on colloidal particles followed by hollow capsule formation. For example, Caruso and co-workers reported the formation of hollow silica vesicles through LbL assembly on colloidal nanoparticle templates (Fig. 14). Polyelectrolytes and smaller silica particles were initially formed on a larger colloidal core, which was subsequently selectively destroyed. Calcination of the hybrid vesicles resulted in a hollow vesicle composed of silica. Formation of controlled organic-inorganic layer structures on colloidal particles by LbL assembly also provides media appropriate for investigation of fundamental phenomena. 

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