Pine needle extract

Sarkar, S.K. and Malhotra, S.S. 1979. Gas-liquid chromatographic method for separation of organic acids and its application of pine needle extracts. Journal of Chromatography A 171 227-232. 

ICP MS REE [163] Apple leaves pine needles Extraction with bis (2-ethyl hexyl) phosphoric acid ... 

Pine needle extract. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle extract... 

Pine Beer Experimental Pale Lager Pine needles extract ... 

James, L. R, Molyneux, R. J., Panter, K. E., Gardner, D. R., and Stegelmeir, B. L. 1994. Effect of Feeding Ponderosa Pine Needle Extracts and Their Residues to Pregnant Cattle. Cornell Veterinarian 84 33-39. 

Ratola N, Lacorte S, Alves A et al (2006) Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in pine needles by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Comparison of different extraction and clean-up procedures. J Chromatogr A 1114 198-204... 

In 1979/1980, Sweet Murphy (1984) made a survey of tritium in pine needle litter in the Savannah River locality. Water and HTO were extracted by freeze-drying, and organically bound T was estimated following combustion of the dried needles. The HTO content of the atmospheric water vapour was also measured. Figure 4.5 shows Sweet Murphy s results converted from pCi per ml of water to TU. All three variables declined approximately in proportion to distance from the plant, as would be expected for long-term releases. By extrapolation, T in atmospheric water vapour would fall to background (about 13 TU -Fig. 4.2) at a distance of 100 km. 

COMPARISON OF USE AND ASE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF SEMI-VOLATILE COMPOUNDS FROM THE WAX FRACTION OF PINE NEEDLES (CONCENTRATIONS ARE GIVEN IN ng/g DRY MASS)... 

Wenzel, K. D., Hubert, A., Manz, M., Weissflog, L., Engewald, W., and Schiitirman, G., Accelerated solvent extraction of semi volatile organic compounds from biomonitoring samples of pine needles and mosses, Anal. Chem., 70, 4827-4835, 1998. 

Chauhan, G. S., Mishra, B. N., Dhiman, S. K., Guleria, L. K., and Kaur, I. (2000). Polymers from renewable resources Kinetics of 4-vinyl pyridine radiochemical grafting onto cellulose extracted from pine needles, Radiot h em., 58,181-190. 

Pine needle, Scotch, extract. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle extract Pine needle, Scotch, oil. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle oil... 

Pimenta (Pimenta officinalis) leaf oil Pineapple (Ananas sativus) Juice Pine (Pinus palustris) oil Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle extract Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle oil Pine (Pinus sylvestris) oil Pipsissewa (Chimaphila umbellata) leaves extract Pomegranate (Punica granatum) bark extract Poppyseed (Papaver somnifemm)... 

Pine needles represent a significant waste biomass generated by Pinus softwood species. These needles contain significant amounts of carbohydrates (cellulose, hemicelluloses) and reduced quantity of lignin, besides predominant extractives. 

Nyman B F 1985 Protein-proanthocyanidin interactions during extraction of Scots pine needles. Phytochemistry 24 2939-2944... 

In pine needles, the enzymes present in 100,000 g supernatants were able to synthesize sesquiterpene and diterpene hydrocarbons from [1- C] IPP whereas the synthesis of monoterpene hydrocarbons was never observed. However, it appeared that the enzymes, extracted from needles originating from Landes area, were able to convert IPP into sesquiterpene hydrocarbons with small amounts of diterpenes. In contrast, the enzymes from needles of maritime pines from Corsican origin used IPP to form mainly diterpene hydrocarbons with small amounts of C compounds. The diluted proteins extracted from 100,000 g supernatants obtained from needles of Corsican pines, were also precipitated with PEG 6000 (30- 0%). After purification by ion exchange column chromatography developed with a NaCl step gradient (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 M), an enzyme system, able to carry out all the steps leading to C, and C Q hydrocarbons from [1- C] IPP, was obtained at 0.2 M NaCl (fig. 2). r H]-GGPP was also used by this enzyme complex and was cyclised into diterpene hydrocarbons, mainly 7,13-abietadiene (Walter, unpublished data). This complex was... 

G.S. Chauhan, S.K. Dhiman, LK. Guleria, and I. Kaur, Polymers from renewable resources Kinetics studies of the radiochemical graft copolymerization of styrene onto cellulose extracted from pine needles and the effect of some additives on the grafting parameters in an aqueous medium, 7. Appl. Polym. Sci. 83 1490-1500,2002. 

Natural fibers are the most common biorenewable polymers available in abundance all around the globe. Some of the commonly occurring natural fibers all around the globe include flax, hemp, baggase, jute, pine needles, pineapple leaf, sisal, grewia optiva, hibiscus sabdariffa (Santos et al., 2013], Figure 1.2 shows the extraction of pineapple leaf fiber from its plant. 

Jeong, J. B. Seo, E. W Jeong, H. J. Effect of extracts from pine needle against oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis induced by hydroxyl radical via antioxidant activity. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2009, 47,2135-2141. 

Finally, the already mentioned investigations on the Mediterranean pine Pinus halepensis shall be cited again in which commercial cellulose as a model compound for studies of forest fuel pyrolysis, pine needles, pine needle lignin and extractives were analyzed with and without two ammonium salts as fire retardants [46]. Both salts provoked a lowered pyrolysis temperature of cellulose and a significant increase in char formation for cellulose (up to 2.4 times) and intact needles (up to 1.7 times), but they had negligible effects on lignin and extractives. 

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