Pilot plant testing program

CURRENT STATUS OF PHASE II PILOT PLANT TESTING PROGRAM... 

A pilot plant test program at the Niagara Mohawk Dunkirk Station on Unit No. 4 boiler was completed in August 1993. The pilot plant treated a flue gas slip stream equivalent to about 3 MWg. Only the first stage cell was tested. Demonstration of the second stage cell, which splits the sodium sulfate, was not considered necessary, as it has been used commercially. NO, removal was simulated by injection of NO, into the flue gas (Byszewski, 1992 Hurwitz, 1993). 

Maintenance of Proper Antimony Concentration. Close monitoring of the antimony concentration on the catalyst will assure that maximum benefits are derived from a metals passivation program. The antimony-to-nickel ratio on the equilibrium catalyst has been correlated with hydrogen production in commercial operations (Figure 5), The non-linear shape of the hydrogen production curve has been confirmed in pilot plant tests (Figure 1), The recommended antimony concentration corresponds to a point beyond the breakpoint of the curve, A "cushion" is desired to allow fluctuations in the system without major increases in the yields of hydrogen and coke. 

Figure 2. WABT program for pilot plant testing.

There is no quantitative limit on small quantities and so the interpretation is left to a common sense judgment of what is appropriate for a lab scale or pilot scale testing program. In an early proposed rule, the EPA noted that a numerical limit would be arbitrary because different types of R D involve different quantities of R D materials. For example, bench level research, pilot plant development, and production testing all require different quantities of R D material. The EPA noted that 80,000 gallons of crude oil has been categorized as a small quantity in a pilot plant that operated over several months. ... 

In addition to continuous bench-scale work, CCDC carried out a rather extensive laboratory program involving the use of the microautoclave reactor. The program developed tests to compare the activities of different solvents. These tests quickly evaluated a solvent so that the performance under coal liquefaction conditions could be predicted. The tests are now used at the Wilsonville SRC Pilot Plant as a means of determining when stable operation has been achieved. 

The EDS II test program includes testing and design studies needed for a preliminary design of a full-scale pilot plant, a preliminary hazard analysis, development of a full-scale cost estimate, and a schedule for construction and operation of a facility employing the AEA technology. 

Japan 2 and 30 kWe PEFC pilot plants have been promoted in Japan as a part of New Sunshine Program. The 2 kWe plant is for residential use and will be developed by Sanyo Electric. The plant is scheduled for testing in 2000. 

Our first experience with hydrocyclones was with pilot plant trials of the Serck-Baker Oilspin developed as a result of an extensive research program conducted at Southampton U. J While these tests, carried out oo the Murchison and Hutton platforms in early 1983, were not an unqualified success, they demonstrated the equipment s potential and enough encouragement for us to commit to die first Mi-scale commercial application of the Vortoil four-t in-one 35-nun (l.4-in. hydrocyclone later that year. 

Because this was the first worldwide application of the four-in-one 35-mm [1.4-in.] hydrocyclooe coocept, a rigorous test program was developed to confirm its suitability for the demanding North Sea environment and to advance the knowledge gained from earlier pilot-plant trials in Bass Strait. Australia. 

The solvent extraction process has not yet undergone pilot plant investigation, and all the above estimates are based on small laboratory or bench scale experiments. If further testing under practical conditions substantiates the laboratory observations, it appears that the solvent extraction process definitely has an area of specialization in the over-all saline water conversion program. 

In 1979, because of a lack of large samples, boiler fuel test programs will be limited to small scale equipment. However, in 1980, large samples of liquids in the 5,000-10,000 barrel range should become availabel from the H-Coal pilot plant at Catlettsburg, Kentucky and the Exxon Donor Solvent process at Baytown, Texas. It would be preferable to run a number of tests utilizing different utility sites and types of electric generation... 

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