Phytogen

Barr et al. (2003) performed an analysis of the impact of phytogenic aerosol (PhA) which is defined as forming mainly due to monoterpene oxidation (primarily, a- and /3-pinenes), on the radiative regime of the ABL over the forest in the eastern part of Canada. In the forest ecosystem the level of emissions to the atmosphere of biogenic hydrocarbons is moderate, with the concentration of a- and /3-pinenes constituting about 1.6 ppb. NMHC oxidation resulted in the formation of PhA at a number density of particles of about 5 108 cm 3. For a given concentration and size distribution of aerosol, its impact on the short-wave radiation transfer in the ABL was assessed. 

Pa PACE PAGES PAHO PALE PAR PARCS PBL PCM PDV PhA PIK PIRA PIRATA POC POLDER Partial pressure in the atmosphere Permafrost And Climate in Europe Pilot Analysis of Global EcoSystems Pan American Health Organization Paleoclimates of Arctic Lakes and Estuaries Photosynthetic Active Radiation Paleoenvironmental ARCtic Science Planetary Boundary Layer Parallel Climate Model Pacific Decadal Variability Phytogenic Aerosol Potsdam-Institut fur Klimafolgenforschung Petroleum Industry Research Associates Pilot Research moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic Permanganate Oxidizable Carbon POLarization and Directionality of the Earth s Reflectances Princeton Ocean Model... 

Phosphate Chemicals Export Association, Inc. POTASH CORPORATION OF SASKATCHEWAN INC Photomasks OM GROUP INC PhytoGen DOW AGROSCIENCES LLC Pillowflex FXI - FOAMEX INNOVATIONS Pilot Travel Centers LLC MARATHON OIL CORP Pine-Sol CLOROX CO (THE)... 

Phytotherapeutics are defined by law as substances derived from plants, plant parts or plant components in a processed or unprocessed form and used medicinally. As substances, phytogenic preparations are treated in the same way as synthetic chemical compounds or substances of other origin. Phytopharmaceuticals must likewise comply with the usual safety standards, such as quality, harmlessness and efficacy, (s. p. 553)... 

Pharmaceuticals of plant origin also form part of rational drug therapy in science-oriented medicine. They are used in the treatment of certain defined diseases and complaints. The more carefully the various pharmacological characteristics of phytogenic remedies are elucidated, the more reliably their clinical effects can be evaluated (e. g. digitalis, rauwolfia, hyo-scyamine, senna). This is also true of the phytotherapeutic preparations used in hepatology. 

A few years after the introduction of Taxol in 1996, further phytogenic anticancer drugs were launched to treat advanced cancers. Topotecan, marketed by Smith Kline Beecham under the trade name of Hycamtin, was approved by the FDA to treat ovarian cancers that have resisted other chemotherapy drugs. Furthermore, irinotecan was introduced by Pharmacia Upjohn under the trade name of Camptosar for the treatment of metastatic cancer of the colon or rectum. Both compounds are derivatives of camptothecin which was isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, well known in Chinese Traditional Medicine for anticancer treatment [65]. Isolation of the bioactive principle camptothecin and its structure elucidation had already been performed in 1966... 

Neuhaus, W., Ghaemi, Y., Schmidt, T. and Lehmann, E. (2000) Treatment of perioperative anxiety in suspected breast carcinoma with a phytogenic tranquilizer. Z.entralhl Gynakol., 11, 561-565. 

Lerdau M. and D. Gray Ecology and evolution of light-dependent and light-independent phytogenic volatile organic carbon, NewPhytol. 157 (2003) 199-211. 

Phytogenic—therapeutic use. 3. Complementary Therapies. 4. Enzyme inhibitors—therapeutic use. QZ 267 H699c 2007]... 

The participants at the NABC nutrition workshop concluded by recommending that the research community identify active phytogenic components and their mechanisms of action in plant cells, and determine the safe and adequate intake ranges of phytogenic substances in foods consumed by humans (10). 

When the MS results are expressed as CS2 and compared with the spectrophotometric CS2 results, highly identical values show proof that the MS procedures work well in terms of DTC extractability and accuracy. This was generally the case, with two exemptions, that is, broccoli and papaya, which were free of DTC residues as indicated by both MS methods. Therefore, the CS2 found by the spectrophotometric digestion/ distillation method clearly originates from phytogenic CS2 sources instead of DTC residues [33]. Both plant samples are well known to produce glycosinolates responsible for CS2 formation and, therefore, for falsepositive DTC results. 

There is very wide variation in the reactivity and the atmospheric lifetime of volatile terpenes with ozone in standardized conditions at an average ambient O3 concentration of 30 ppb. Among the shortest lifetimes of phytogenic terpenes are 1 min for the monoterpene a-terpinene and 2 min for the sesquiterpene p-caryophyllene. The longest lifetimes are more than 235 days for the monoterpenoid camphor, more than 110 days for the monoterpene monoterpene 1,8-cineole and more than 33 days for the sesquiterpene longifolene. In similar conditions isoprene has a lifetime of 1.3 days and the monoterpene a-pinene, for 4.6 h [21]. 

Effect of a phytogenic feed additive on rumen fermentation and bacterial protein reaching the small intestine... 

M. Veit , A. Mader, K. Wendler andJ. Schmidfi Delacon Phytogenic Feed Additives, Steyregg, Austria University of West Hungary, Mosonmagyardvdr, Hungary... 

The application of the phytogenic feed additive tested shows some potential for optimizing rumen function. Positive effects were especially observed for the microbial activity and the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the rumen. Furthermore, bacterial protein reaching the small intestine was slightly increased and crude fiber digestibility was numerically improved. 

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