Physiological systems approach

NFH Ho, HP Merkle, WI Higuchi. Quantitative, mechanistic and physiologically realistic approach to the biopharmaceutical design of oral drug delivery systems. Drug Deliv Ind Pharm 9 1111-1184, 1983. 

The systems approach also pays special attention to the capabilities and limitations of the working population. It recognizes large individual differences among people in their physical and physiological capabilities. The job and the worker, therefore, should be appropriately matched whenever possible. 

Ho NF, Merkle HP and Higuchi WI (1983a) Quantitative, Mechanistic and Physiologically Realistic Approach to the Biopharmaceutical Design of Oral-Drug Delivery Systems. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 9 pp 1111-1184. 

One approach for connecting diseases to molecules is to focus on the ten fundamental physiological systems of the human body and the particular diseases associated with these systems ... 

Overall, the kinins are an important part of a well-organized physiological system. The various aspects and interdependencies of the kinin system have been, and continue to be, the focus of intensive research efforts in many laboratories. Many pharmaceutical companies have identified this system as an ideal site for therapeutic intervention in many inflammatory diseases. Hence, there have been many diverse approaches taken toward the discovery of antagonists (peptide and nonpeptide) of B2 and B1 receptors. This review focuses on the structure-based design strategies pursued in our laboratories during the past several years. 

The theoretical analysis of the metabolic fate of PAC or xenobiotics in general demands a systems approach since individual components of the metabolic networks are closely linked via common substrates or cofactors as well as allosteric enzyme regulation [40, 41]. As shown in a later section, drug catabolites especially affect cell physiology and thereby greatly impinge on cellular drug action. 

To simulate the disease episodes and subthreshold oscillations we again refer to our neuronal modeling approaches (Fig. 7.2b). The algorithms have been implemented with a simple but physiologically plausible approach, i.e. with two nonlinear feedback loops, one positive and one negative. Depending on the parameter setting, such a system can attain stable dynamics but also can develop oscillations. 

Bacon, E. and Jung, L., Selective extraction and transport of mercury through a hquid membrane by macrocychc hgands. Improvement in the transport efficiency and an approach to physiological systems. J. Membr. Sci., 1985, 24 185-199. 

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