Systems physiology

The concept of discrete neurotransmitter recognition sites or receptors on nerve cells was based on work on systems physiology and dmg action (1). It was not until 1921 however, that it was shown that information could be transferred between neurons via a chemical, in this instance acetylcholine [51-84-3] (ACh), C H gN02 (1). 

COMPUTER SIMULATIONS IN PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS REDISCOVERING SYSTEMS PHYSIOLOGY IN THE 21ST CENTURY... 

Among the known chemokine receptors, CXCR4 has been established to play a crucial role in the nervous system physiology as evidenced by either CXCL12 or CXCR4 homozygous mutants phenotype (Ma et al. 1998 Zou et al. 1998). The other receptors discussed in this review are primarily involved in inflammatory and/ or neurodegenerative disorders which is consistent with their roles as inflammatory chemokines. 

Conn, P.J., and Sanders-Bush, E. Central serotonin receptors Effector systems, physiological roles and regulation. Psychopharmacology 92 267-277, 1987. 

Marcus, J. N. Elmquist, J. K. (2006). Orexin projections and localization of orexin receptors. In The Orexin/Hypocretin System Physiology and Pathophysiology, ed. S. Nishino T. Sakurai, Totowa, NJ Humana Press, pp. 21-43. 

Sipos, M. L., Wysocki, C. J., Nygy, J. G., Wysocki, L., and Nemura, T. A. (1995). An ephemeral pheromone of female house mice perception via the main and accessoiy systems. Physiology and Behavior 58,529-534. 

Jacobs, B., and E. Azmitia. Structure and Function of the Brain Serotonin System Physiological Reviews 72 l) (1992) 165-229. 

Marked inter-patient variability exists in the pharmacokinetics of intravenous anaesthetics. Factors that can influence drug disposition include the degree of protein binding, the efficiency of the hepatic and renal clearance systems, physiological changes with ageing, disease states, site of operation, body temperature, and drug interactions (premedicants, volatile anaesthetics). 

Gresser MJ, Tracey AS (1990) Vanadates as Phosphate Analogs in Biochemistry. In Chastcen ND (ed) Vanadium in Biological Systems. Physiology and Biochemistry. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, p 63... 

Licko, and R.M. Rubsamen. 2000. Pulmonary insulin administration using the AERx system physiological and physicochemical factors influencing insulin effectiveness in healthy fasting subjects. Diabetes Technol. Then 2 185-197. 

Willsky, G.R. 1990. Vanadium in the biosphere. In Vanadium in biological systems. Physiology and biochemistry, N.D. Chasteen (Ed.), Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 1-24. 

Sanford, P. A. (1982). Digestive system physiology. Edward Arnold London. 

Effects of Moderate Hypothermia on Intracranial and on Systemic Physiologic Characteristics... 

INFLAMMATORY AND IMMUNE RESPONSES AND RESPIRATORY, CARDIOVASCULAR, REPRODUCTIVE, AND NERVOUS SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGY. In all of these systems, the effects are mediated through a receptor(s) located on the plasma(s) membrane of responsive cells. Usually the biological effects noted are directly associated with stimulated cells or tissues. There is also support for the presence of PAF (and certain analogs) in normal tissues, with examples being the brain, uterus, lung, and the glandular stomach. 

Epelbaum J (1986) Somatostatin in the central nervous system physiology and pathological modifications. Prog Neurobiol 27 63-100. 

Chasteen, N. D. Vanadium in Biological Systems Physiology and Biochemistry Chasteen, N. D., Ed. Kluwer Academic Boston, MA, 1990. 

Davsorr H, Segal MB (1996b) Orrtogerredc aspects of dre cerebrospi-rral system. Physiology of dre CSF arrd Blood-Brairr Barriers, pp 607-662. Boca Rataorr CRC Press, hrc. 

Yolton DP. Nutritional effects of zinc on ocular and systemic physiology. J Am Optom Assoc 1981 52(5) 409-14. 

Rothwell, NJ. eta/. (1996) Cytokines and their receptors in the central nervous system physiology, pharmacology, and pathology. Pharmacol. 77 er. 69.85-95. Alexander. S.P.H. et al. (1998) Receptors and ion channel nomenclature supplement. Ninth Edition. Trends Pharmacol. ScL. Suppl.. 19.1-98. 

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