Phthalazine properties

Other functionalized supports that are able to serve in the asymmetric dihydroxylation of alkenes were reported by the groups of Sharpless (catalyst 25) [88], Sal-vadori (catalyst 26) [89-91] and Cmdden (catalyst 27) (Scheme 4.13) [92]. Commonly, the oxidations were carried out using K3Fe(CN)g as secondary oxidant in acetone/water or tert-butyl alcohol/water as solvents. For reasons of comparison, the dihydroxylation of trons-stilbene is depicted in Scheme 4.13. The polymeric catalysts could be reused but had to be regenerated after each experiment by treatment with small amounts of osmium tetroxide. A systematic study on the role of the polymeric support and the influence of the alkoxy or aryloxy group in the C-9 position of the immobilized cinchona alkaloids was conducted by Salvadori and coworkers [89-91]. Co-polymerization of a dihydroquinidine phthalazine derivative with hydroxyethylmethacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate afforded a functionalized polymer (26) with better swelling properties in polar solvents and hence improved performance in the dihydroxylation process [90]. 

Poly(arylene ether phthalazine)s were prepared by two different routes [47], As shown in Eq. (13), one route involved the preparation of precursor poly(arylene ether diketone)s and subsequent reaction with hydrazine while the other route concerned the reaction of difluorophthalazine monomers with various bisphen-ols. The poly(arylene ether phthalazine)s prepared by the two routes exhibited very similar Tgs. The synthetic route to the difluorophthalazine monomers is also shown in Eq. (13). A comparison of the properties of a representative series of poly (ary lene ether diketone)s and the corresponding poly(arylene ether... 

Numerous other aromatic nitrogen compounds are known, and a significant number have been used to prepare complexes of platinum(II). Phthalazine (101) is one such compound, and the complex ds-PtCl(phthalazine)(PEt3)2 has been prepared in order to compare its fluxional properties with the phenanthroline and naphthyridine analogues. The monodentate complex is fluxional, but in this phthalazine case the orientation of the lone pairs is unsuitable for the five-coordinate intermediate required by an intramolecular process and the mechanism of exchange becomes dissociative.11 6... 

This report gives an overview of some pyridazine, phthalazine, and open-chain diazine (N-N)-derived ligands, including their synthesis and some coordination properties. The pyridazine- and... 

Most activity in this area has centered around the isolation of so-called pseudo-bases (82) in which the cyano group is replaced by a hydroxy group. Thus the pseudo-base is obtained, in addition to the normal Reissert compound, from S-nitroisoquinoline, " 3-methyl-5-nitroisoquinoline, 6-nitroquinoline, and phthalazine. Heating the pseudo-bases in alcohol gives rise to the ethers 83. A discussion of some of the chemistry and properties of the pseudo-bases has appeared. The formation of the pseudo-bases can be suppressed and that of the Reissert compounds increased by the use of a phase-transfer catalyst. Pseudo-bases have also been obtained in attempts to form Reissert compounds from 1,6-naphthyridine and 4,6-phenanthroline. 2-Phenyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole and benzoyl chloride in the presence of cyanide gave 84 and imidazo[l,5-a]pyrazines with acid chloride gave 85 in reactions analogous to the pseudo-base formation. 

Several general reports covered more than one type of diazine. For example, Cu(II) complexes of a diverse set of alkoxy diazine ligands were prepared, and their magnetic properties investigated. X-ray crystal structure determinations of many of these were included <04IC4278>. New sulfinylcinnolines, quinoxalines, quinazolines, and phthalazines were prepared from appropriate halobenzodiazines. These were converted to sulfanyl benzodiazines, which in turn... 

Representatives of derivatives involved in this section were used for various applications. Thus, a number of tetrazolo[l,5-Z ]pyridazine derivatives were built into cephem derivatives as substituents and were evaluated for antibiotic properties <81JAN1456, 85PNA7096, 86JAP6ii0658l>. The N-methyl-tetrazoloquinazolone compound (86) showed excellent fungicide effect against Pyricularia oryzae <85H(23)2025>. Tetrazolo[5,l-a]phthalazine (87), on the other hand, proved to have a monoamine oxidase inhibitory effect. The fused tetrazolo[l,5-(i]pyridazine compound (88) was found to exhibit anticancer activity <76MI 818-02). 

New or revised physical data for phthalazine and its salts or complexes may be found under phthalazine in the Appendix (Table A.2) at the end of this book. More extended studies of such properties are noted in the following list. 

These two tables are intended as reasonably comprehensive lists of simple cinnolines (Table A.l) and simple phthalazines (Table A.2) described before 2005. For each compound are recorded (1) melting and/or boiling point(s) (2) an indication of reported spectra or other physical properties (3) any reported salts or simple derivatives, especially when the parent compound was un- or ill-characterized (4) an indication of an any simple complexes reported and (5) direct references to the original literature from 1972 onward, preceded by page references (in parentheses) to any earlier data reported in Simpson s Hauptwerk (e.g., H 70) or in Singerman and Patel s Ergdnzungswerk (e.g., E 324). 

Shao X, Tian J, Liu W, Xue Q and Ma C, Tribological properties of Si02 nanoparticle filled-phthalazine ether sulfone/phthalazine ether ketone (50/50 mol%) copolymer composites , J Appl Polym Sci 2002 85 2136-44. 

Shao X, Tian J, Liu W M, Ma C L and Xue Q J, Friction and wear properties of nanometer Ti02 particle-filled poly(phthalazine ether sulfone ketone) composites , Polym Mater Sci Eng 2003 19(3) 208-11 (in Chinese). 

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