Photothermal destruction

Huang X, Jain PK, El-Sayed IH, El-Sayed AM. Selective photothermal destruction of cancer cells with the use of immunotargeted gold nanoparticles. Photochem Photobiol 2006 82 412-17. 

Figure 22.4.8. The effect of sunlight fluctuations on the photothermal destruction of methyl ethyl ketone in the parabolic trough, photothermal reactor. MEK conversion, insolation level, and reactor temperature are plotted as a function of continuous outdoor illumination time.

Chen,)., Wang, D Xi, Au, L, Siekkinen, A., Warson, A., li, Z.-Y., Zhang, H., Xia, Y. and li, X. (2007) Immuno gold nanocages with tailored optical properties for targeted photothermal destruction of cancer cells. Nano Letters, 7,1318 22. 

T0838 United Retek Corporation, Asphalt Emulsion Stabilization T0841 University of Akron, Sonochemical Destruction T0844 University of Connecticut, Contaminant Absorption and Recovery T0845 University of Dayton Research Institute, Photothermal Detoxification Unit T0852 US EPA Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Mobile Volume Reduction Unit (VRU)... 

Industrial flares and plumes represent a potentially significant source of air pollution that are poorly characterized and controlled. Conditions are ideal for post-flame thermal reactions and photolytic reactions at elevated temperatures (photothermal reactions). The elevated temperatures in flares and plumes (—50 to 600 °C outside of the visible flame) can result in accelerated rates of formation of oxy-PAH and nitro-PAH. At higher temperatures within the flame zone of combustors, oxy-PAH and nitro-PAH are likely to be destroyed, but under the relatively mild conditions of flares and plumes, the rates of formation can be accelerated without their subsequent destruction. The elevated temperatures and exposure to solar radiation can result in fast photothermal reactions that lead to the formation of both combustion-type pollutants and photochemical pollutants. Research has shown that at elevated temperatures, the rate of absorption of solar radiation and photochemical quantum yield can increase up to tenfold. 

Research on photothermal and thermal reactions in flares and plumes including photothermal chemistry and spectroscopy as well as destruction and formation of toxic air pollutants... 

When the reaetor reached an operating temperature of 170°C, complete VOC destruction was achieved for the entire run except for a period of peak VOC emissions beginning at 9 30 and ending at 9 45. Thus, during this four hour period, the PCO process destroyed virtually all of the VOCs in the slip stream from the paint booth exhaust. The total time averaged conversion is estimated to be greater than 95%. These data were used to design the solar-driven, photothermal reactor system. 

The results of 3 weeks of testing demonstrated that the photothermal treatment system has destruction and removal efficiencies (DREs) in excess of 95% under conditions where incident UV irradiation provided operating temperatures from 150 to 200 C. No loss of performance of the catalyst occurred. 

Moon HK, Lee SH, Choi HC. In vivo near-inliared mediated tumor destruction by photothermal effect of carbon nanotubes. ACS Nano 2009 3(11) 3707—13. 

Lee C, Hong C, Lee J, Son M, Hong S-S (2012) Comparison of oxidized porous silicon with bare porous silicon as a photothermal agent for cancer cell destruction based on in vitro cell test results. Laser Med Sci 27 1001-1008... 

The ethylene trap collects all the produced volatile hormone for a certain period so that small production rates become detectable. Transitory features are thus lost. Very sensitive laser-based ethylene monitors become then advantageous. Using a laser-driven photoacoustic (PA) ethylene detector coupled to a flow-through setup, a detection limit of 6pl/l is reached with a response time of 4 min at a flow of ll/h (Harren et al. 1990a). The photothermal deflection (PTD) instrument monitors ethylene concentrations down to 0.5 nl/1, locally, much faster (Is) and non-intrusively. In this way, ethylene production, e.g. by fruits, can be measured non-destructively. Very recently, we have improved the time... 

NCs could be employed for in vivo applications. The UV-Vis absorption of the Cu2-xSe NCs showed a broad absorption peak at 970 mn which was attributed to the surface plasmon resonance. When these NCs were irradiated with a 800 nm laser for 5 min, they exhibited a photothermal transduction efficiency of 22% which is equivalent to Au nanorods (21%) and relatively higher than Au nanoshells (13%). Cu2.xSe NCs were effective in the destruction of cancer cells, and hence are promising candidate for photo-thermal applications. 

LITT provides a photothermal tumor destruction technique, permitting solid tumor configurations inside parenchymatous organs to be destroyed. The expansion of the tissue-destroying effect is dependent on the choice of radiation capacity and radiation time. This means that the parameters must be pre-selected in such a way that all tumor cells, if possible, are exposed to the coagulative effect. Besides, there must also be a safety margin of at least 5-10 mm in width. 

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