Photodynamic therapy protoporphyrin

LDMS is particularly well suited for the analysis of porphyrins.35-39 The heme molecule—a 22 rc-electron conjugated protoporphyrin system (Figure 8.1)—is an efficient photo-absorber in the visible and near UV (with an absorption maximum—the Soret band—near 400nm). This feature, concurrently with its low ionization potential, warrants that direct LDMS will possess extremely low limits for heme detection. The uses of IR or UV LDMS for structural characterization of natural porphyrins and their metabolites, synthetic monomeric porphyrins (e.g., used in photodynamic therapy), porphyrin polymers, and multimeric arrays, have been well documented.41148 In addition fast atom bombardment MS has been used to characterize purified hemozoin, isolated from the spleens and livers of Plasmodium yoelii infected mice.49... 

Figure 10.23 Schematic depiction of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a dendrimer with a protoporphyrin photosensitizer core, which upon irradiation with light and subsequent reaction with oxygen creates tissue-damaging singlet oxygen.

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Robinson, D.J., de Bruijn, H.S., van der Veen, N., Stringer, M.R., Brown, S.B., and Star, W.M. (1998) Fluorescence photobleaching of ALA-induced protoporphyrin IX during photodynamic therapy of normal hairless mouse skin the effect of light dose and irradiance and the resulting biological effect, Photochem. Photobiol., 67 140-149. 

Photodynamic therapy using 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX... 

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M.R. Stringer, P. Collins, D.J. Robinson, G.I. Stables, R.A. Sheehan-Dare (1996). The accumulation of protoporphyrin IX in plaque psoriasis after topical application of 5-aminolevulinic acid indicates a potential for photodynamic therapy. J. Invest. Dermatol, 107, 76-81. 

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R. Sailer, W.S.L. Strauss, Ft. Emmert, M. Wagner, R. Steiner, H. Schneckenburger, Photodynamic Efficacy and Spectroscopic Properties of 5-ALA Induced Protoporphyrin DC in Human Glioblastoma Cells, in Optical Methods for Tumour Treatment and Detection Mechanisms and Techniques in Photodynamic Therapy (D. Kessel, ed.), Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5689, Bellingham, USA, 2005, in press. 

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