5-Aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin

Bagdonas, S., Ma, L.W., Iani, V., Rotomskis, R., Juzenas, P., and Moan, J. (2000) Phototransformations of 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX in vitro a spectroscopic study, Photochem. Photobiol., 72 186-192. 

M.T. Wyss-Desserich, C.H. Sun, P. Wyss, C.S. Kurlawalla, U. Haller, M.W. Bems, Y. Tadir (1996). Accumulation of 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX in normal and neoplastic human endometrial epithelial cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 224, 819-824. 

Photodynamic therapy using 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX... 

A. Sac Morales (1995). Antimalarial activity of 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX photodynamic therapy in rodent model. M.Sc. Thesis, Queen s University, Kingston, Canada. 

S.C. Chang, G.A. Buonaccorsi, A.J. MacRobert, S.G. Bown (1997). Interstitial photodynamic therapy in the canine prostate with disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine and 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX. Prostate, 32, 89-98. 

H. Messmann, R. Knuchel, W. Baumler, A. Holstege, J. Scholmerich (1999). Endoscopic fluorescence detection of dysplasia in patients with Barrett s esophagus, ulcerative colitis, or adenomatous polyps after 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX sensitization. Gastrointest. Endosc., 49, 97-101. 

S.L. Gibson, M.L. Nguyen, J.J. Havens, A. Barbarin, R. Hilf (1999). Relationship of delta-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX levels to mitochondrial content in neoplastic cells in vitro. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 265, 315-321. 

Following pharmacokinetic studies of aminolevulinic acid-induced Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) as photosensitizer in human endometrium [37], morphological and functional effects of photodynamic endometrial ablations in humans suffering dysfunctional uterine bleeding were evaluated at our clinic. 

Scheme 4. The heme biosynthetic pathway. In vivo administration of d-aminolevulinic acid induces accumulation of fluorescent protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) preferably in malignant tissues...

B.B. Noodt, K. Berg, T. Stokke, Q. Peng, J.M. Nesland (1996). Apoptosis and necrosis induced with light and 5-aminolevulinic acid-derived protoporphyrin IX. Br. J. Cancer, 74, 22-29. 

Ma, L.W., Moan, J., Peng, Q., and Iani, V. (1998) Production of protoporphyrin IX induced by 5-aminolevulinic acid in transplanted human colon adenocarcinoma of nude mice can be increased by ultrasound, Int. J. Cancer, 78 464-469. 

C. Pourzand, O. Reelfs, E. Kvam, R.M. Tyrrell (1999). The iron regulatory protein can determine the effectiveness of 5-aminolevulinic acid in inducing protoporphyrin IX in human primary skin fibroblasts. J. Invest. Dermatol., 112, 419-425. 

N. Lange, P. Jichlinski, M. Zellweger, M. Forrer, A. Marti, L. Guillou, P. Kucera, G. Wagnieres, H. van den Bergh (1999). Photodetection of early human bladder cancer based on the fluorescence of 5-aminolevulinic acid hexylester-induced protoporphyrin IX a pilot study. Br. J. Cancer, 80, 185-193. 

W.D. Tope, E.V. Ross, N. Kollias, A. Martin, R. Gillies, R.R. Anderson (1998). Protoporphyrin IX fluorescence induced in basal cell carcinoma by oral delta-aminolevulinic acid. Photochem. PhotobioL, 67, 249-255. 

Perotti et al (2004) studied the efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) derivatives as pro-photosensitising agent. The authors used cell line LM3 for their studies. ALA is a precursor of protoporphyrin IX and thus injection of ALA and / or of its derivatives into cells will induce the formation of protoporphyrin IX, a necessary molecule to induce singlet oxygen and thus cell death. 

---