Petroleum biodegradation

Graves, D. Leavitt, M. (1991). Petroleum biodegradation in soil the effect of direct application of surfactants. Remediation, 2, 147-66. 

Jobson A.M., Cook F.D., Westlake D.W.S. (1979) Interaction of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in petroleum biodegradation. Chem. Geol. 24, 355-65. 

Ahsan, a. 1993. Petroleum biodegradation in the tertiary reservoirs of the north sea. Cand. Scient. Thesis in Geology, Department of Geology, University of Oslo, Norway. 

Ahsan, A., Karlsen, D. A. Patience, R. L. 1997. Petroleum biodegradation in the Tertiary reservoirs of the North Sea. Marine and Petroleum Geology. 14, 55-64. 

Chen Yan, Li Ganghe, Zhang Xu, et al, "Effect of petroleum biodegradation and... 

Harayama S, Kishira H, Kasai Y, Shutsubo K (1999) Petroleum biodegradation in marine environments. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 1 63-70... 

Atlas RM (1995) Petroleum biodegradation and oil spiU bioremediation. Marine Pol-lut Bull 31 178-182... 

R. N. Miller, "A Field-Scale Investigation of Enhanced Petroleum Hydrocarbon Biodegradation ia the Vadose Zone Combining Soil Venting as an Oxygen Source with Moisture and Nutrient Addition," doctoral dissertation submitted to the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department,... 

API, Modeling Aerobic Biodegradation of Dissolved Hydrocarbons in Heterogenous Geologic Formations, Pubhcation No. 848-00200, American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C., 1995. 

Biodegradable polymers are polymers that imdergo microbially induced chain scission leading to mineralization. Biodegradable polymers may not been produced from bio-source only, but it can be derived from the petroleum source (Ray and Bousmina, 2005). Efforts... 

A novel non-petroleum based biodegradable plastic produced from sugar based agricultural raw materials as sweet sorghum, sugarcane and molasses, having potential properties comparable with conventional or synthetic plastics, is under development and could lower the contribution of plastic wastes to municipal landfills at about 20% of the total waste by volume and 10% by weight and can achieve a satisfactory for the environmental imperative. 

Polylactates are an interesting class of biodegradable polymers which may be made from either renewable or petroleum feedstocks. The synthesis of lactic acid raises real issues concerning the relative greenness of the renewable and non-renewable (HCN) route as discussed in Chapter 2. A summary comparison of the greenness of both routes is shown is Table 6.4. Without a full LCA the choice of route on environmental grounds is not easy and at least partly depends on plant location and raw material availability. 

Whyte LG, L Bourbonniere, CW Greer (1997) Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by psychotrophic Pseudomonas strains possessing both alkane (alk) and naphthalene (nah) catabolic pathways. Appl Environ Microbiol 63 3719-3723. 

Morgan P, RJ Watkinson (1994) Biodegradation of components of petroleum. In Biochemistry of Microbial Degradation, pp. 1-31. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. 

The general PLC approach described in the preceding text can be modified when the research aim is to investigate one selected compound (or a group of compounds), or in the case of some less common samples, such as highly biodegraded or hydro-thermal petroleum, tars, immature sedimentary organic matter, or even products of biomass combustion [70,86,87]. 

P. Riley. Compositions and methods for dispersing and biodegrading spilled petroleum oils and fuels. Patent US 5753127, 1998. 

Propylene glycol, i.e., 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO), is an important commodity chemical. It is used as biodegradable functional fluids and as precursors for the syntheses of unsaturated polyester resins and pharmaceuticals (9-10). Propylene glycol is currently produced from petroleum-derived propylene via oxidation to propylene oxide and subsequent hydrolysis (9, 11). However, the rising cost of propylene provides an incentive to find a substitute to propylene for this... 

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