Pesticides organic phosphorus

ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS COMPOUND, MIXED WITH COMPRESSED GAS ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES, FLAMMABLE, LIQUID, TOXIC, n.o.s.,... 

Faust SD, Gomaa HM. 1972. Chemical hydrolysis of some organic phosphorus and carbamate pesticides in aquatic environments. Environ Lett 3 171 -201. 

Gallo, M.A. and NJ. Lawryk. 1991. Organic phosphorus pesticides. Pages 917-1123 in Hayes, W.J., Jr. and E.R. Laws, Jr. (eds.). Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. Vol. 2. Classes of Pesticides. Academic Press, New York. 

Lue-Hing, C. Brady, S.D. Biological treatment of organic phosphorus pesticide wastewaters. Purdue Univ. Eng. Ext. Servo 132 (pts. 1/2), 1968 1166-1177. 

Hayes WJ Jr Organic phosphorus pesticides. In Pesticides Studied in Man, pp 358-359. Baltimore, MD, Williams Wilkins, 1982... 

Occupational Exposure during the Manufacture and Formulation of Pesticides. PHEW (NIOSH) No. 78-174 US-GP0, Washington, DC (1978), 429 pp., 343 refs., 5 appendices. Bidstrup, P., J.A. Bonnell and A. Beckett, "Paralysis following Poisoning by a New Organic Phosphorus Insecticide (Mipafox)", Brit. Med. J.(l) 1068-1072 (1953). As cited in ref. 164. 

SAFETY PROFILE Moderately toxic by ingestion and skin contact. An experimental teratogen. A severe skin and eye irritant. Flammable liquid when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. To fight fire, use water, foam, fog, CO2. Violent explosive reaction on contact with magnesium perchlorate or trimethyl platinum(IV) azide tetramer. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of POx. An intermediate in the production of pesticides, fire retardants, and organic phosphorus additives. See also ESTERS. 

Gallo MA and Lawryk NJ (1991) Organic phosphorus pesticides. In Hayes WJ Jr and Laws ER Jr (eds.) Hand-... 

Gallo, M. and Lawryk, N. (1991) Organic Phosphorus Pesticides, San Diego, Academic Press, Inc. 

Harmon GE, Reigart JR, Sandifer SH Long-term follow-up of survivors of acute pesticide poisoning. JSC Med Assoc 71 253-257,1976 Hayes WJ Jr, Dixon EM, Batchelor GS, et al Exposure to organic phosphorus sprays and occurrence of selected symptoms. Public Health Rep 72 787-794, 1957 Holmes JH, Kinzer EJ, Hibbert RW Parathion poisoning case report. Rocky Mountain Medical Journal 54 1022-1031,1957... 

There are two principal pathways for the abiotic degradation of organic phosphorus compounds in the environment hydrolytic reactions and photolytic reactions. The importance of either mechanism depends to a substantial degree both on the nature of the particular compound of interest (Fig. 4.1), and on its location in the environment. Some compounds, such as the phosphorodithionate pesticide malathion, are readily broken down (malathion has a half-life of about 11 h in alkaline solution ... 

Besides naturally occurring organic phosphorus compounds, the soil organic phosphorus concentration can be increased by manure and slurry application and, to a lesser extent, by the use of phosphorus-containing pesticides. Many soils receive animal manure, in which typical phosphorus concentrations are many times... 

Gas chromatography (GC) with either flame photometric or mass spectrometric detection is commonly used for determination of organophosphate pesticide. In some cases, GC may be used for separation of organic phosphorus species if they or their degradation products are derivatized, e.g., inositol... 

Tokoro, T., Suzuki, S., Nakano, H. and Otsuka, J., 1973, Experimental studies of organic phosphorus pesticide on beagle dog long-term observations on the refraction and the intraocular pressure. Acta Soc. Opthal Jap. 77 1237. 

Phosphorus compounds are very important as fertilizers (world use 1976/77 27-3 megatonnes as P2O5) but are widely used in matches, pesticides, special glasses and china ware, alloys (sleels. phosphor bronze), and metal treating (10%), detergents (40%), electrical components (e.g. GaP), foods and drinks (15%). Phosphates are an essential constituent of living organisms. U.S. production of phosphorus 1982 372 000 tonnes. 

Organophosphate or Organophosphorus Compound—A phosphorus containing organic compound and especially a pesticide that acts by inhibiting cholinesterase. 

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