Personal Health Record

Round-the-Clock Health Management Electronic Personalized Health Records Trial Registries... 

These data can then be fed into electronic medical records (EMR) such as those the NHS plans to introduce throughout the UK over the next 2 years. This represents a process that will ultimately both reduce the frequency with which patients have to visit their doctor and improve health care delivery. EMR or electronic personal health records (as they are also known) have already been established, or are being established, in many European nations, such as Denmark. The United States, with its decentralized health care industry, is behind the curve in these efforts. However, in early fall of 2005, IBM and eight other IT companies that form the Technology CEO Council (TCC), including Intel, HP, Dell, Motorola, EMC, Applied Materials, NCR, and Unisys committed to adopt electronic health records based on open standards. In addition to these private sector efforts, the US Department of... 

Veterans Affairs will also begin rolling out an on-line system for personal health records. 

AGPI is unique in time and space and is used for integrating, on an individual basis, the de-identified health records gathered from multiple institutions in different jurisdictions and at different times. AGPI is an opaque alphanumeric structure to be used as the primary key to associate (one-way longitudinal integration of personal health records) de-identified health records from various sources to construct personal EHR (electronic health record) as depicted in figure 6.2. 

The horizontal services include (but are not limited to) demographic registries, services for dynamic construction of lifetime personal health record, electronic health record management services, global person identification services, clinical and financial data integration services, information management services, electronic collaboration services, clinical decision services, and interdisciplinary coordination services. 

The provider office system services provide integrated productivity tools for healthcare service providers such as physicians and nurses. It consists of electronic visit panel, examination panel, electronic diagnostic panel, electronic procedure panel, electronic prescription panel, personal health record, electronic mail, and calendar, among other services. 

The interdisciplinary coordination services are to provide the capability to support coordination of service delivery among providers, program areas, and across regional boundaries for the utilization and contribution to aspects of the personal health record. 

Dynamic construction of lifetime personal health record is a function that manages the dynamical assembly of the digital patient record out of relevant personal health information retrieved from many (e.g., laboratory) sources. It is intended to be life long, longitudinal (i.e., all events) and cumulative over time. Access to personal health record by healthcare service providers and service recipients will be controlled for confidentiality and protection of privacy in areas and to levels conditional on the viewers professional role. 

Institutional gateway systems safeguard personal health records in accord with patients informed consents. In cases where patients deny consent for their health records to be shared with other institutions or other healthcare professionals, the institutional gateway system has to refuse the access request from the PHR system to those patients health records. Again, the institutional gateway systems are also responsible for transforming the health records into the standard ontology and formats for the PHR system. 

THE ELECTRONIC DATA VAULT FOR SECURE MANAGEMENT OF PERSONAL HEALTH RECORDS... 

The secure electronic data vault allows patients to keep their PHR (personal health record) and other personal documents in a locked state, whereby the... 

The national e-Health Informatics System dynamically retrieves Jane s health records from various places where Jane has ever visited (e.g., physician s office system, hospitals, diagnostic labs) based on Jane s global person identifier and dynamically constructs an integrated health record up to date from birth, which includes Jane s genetic profiles and lifestyle data. The physician then analyzes Jane s personal health record for analysis of clinical and treatment history. 

Health record The data and information regarding a patient s health events and history, and also all information and data needed to run the health system in support of the patient s well-being (i.e., we have chosen to not separate the supporting information and roles from the direct service delivery). The personal health record is a specific portion of the patient s entire health record that is designed to be shared. 

American Health Information Management Association. 2007. The Value of Personal Health Records A Joint Position Statement for Consumers of Health Care. Bethesda, MD American Medical Informatics Association. 

Electronic health records (EHR s) are key components of our Information Age, putting information about the patient s health at the physician s fingertips at all times and in all places. Microsoft now makes it possible to put personal health records on the Web, in a program called HealthVault. Partners include hospitals, disease-prevention organizations and health care institutions. For example, in Baltimore, Health Vault collaborates with Union Memorial Hospital, Harbor, Franklin Square and Good Samaritan Hospital. 

In addition to a person s personal health records, HealthVault provides Internet search capabilities. The data are stored in an encrypted database. Each person will select which of their personal health care information is put into the Web database. Most persons will give permission to their doctors, dinics and hospitals to send directiy to HealthVault, information concerning medicines, test results and other data. At New York Presbyterian Hospital, Aurelia G. Boyer, the chief information officer, states their commitment to helping patients manage their own health care. 

Health surveillance Where there is a reasonable likelihood that exposure to a chemical hazardous substance under working conditions may cause an identifiable or other adverse health effect, then records must be kept available for at least 40 years employees must be allowed access to their personal health record and records of workplace monitoring must be kept for at least 5 years. 

Ubiquitous Personal Health Records for Remote Regions... 

Personal Health Record Data Collection and Storage Ubiquitous or Not . 

Personal Health Record on Paper Not Quite Ubiquitous. 

Purely Web-Based Personal Health Records Are Not Quite... 

Personal Health Records on Connected Devices Maybe Ubiquitous.. 

A Ubiquitous Personal Health Record for Remote Regions Must Involve... 

Portable Personal Health Records Mobile Records. 

Portable Personal Health Records Ubiquitous Coimnunications... 312... 

Contextual Information The Icing on the Personal Health Records. 

Integration into a Ubiquitous Personal Health Record System. 

This chapter is a discussion of personal health records (PHRs). Since there have been many publications and reviews of PHRs, this chapter concentrates specifically on the difficult task of making PHR systems that are capable of functioning everywhere, even in remote regions. So the aim is to examine current PHR systems and discover how to make ones which are ubiquitous for remote regions. Some of this is based on the experience of the authors in Southeast Asia, specifically in Malaysia. 

Personal health record A PHR is also called a personally controlled health record (PCHR), or a personal electronic health record (PEHR), among others. This is a record of health owned and maintained by an individual—the emphasis on ownership and maintenance is important. Strictly speaking, PHRs do not include records owned or maintained by healthcare workers—those are called electronic medical records (EMRs) or electronic health records (EHRs). The distinction is sometimes blurred, as in cases of EMRs or EHRs to which the patients have access—those may be called integrated PHRs or tethered PHRs [1]. Also, PHRs are certainly not restricted to "patients," individuals who at the time are ill instead, PHRs are records of health maintained by mostly healthy, but sometimes ill, people. PHRs should contain the following ... 

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