Peroxide scavenger

Smirnoff, J. Colombe, S.V. (1988). Drought influences the activity of enzymes of the chloroplast hydrogen peroxide scavenging system. Journal of Experimental Botany, 39, 1097-1109. 

For EPDM, best compatibility, heat and environmental resistance is achieved with paraffinic oils of high weight and viscosity. In EPM compounds, the use of oil types other than paraffmics will lead to peroxide scavenging and poor resultant vulcanisation, unless compensation is carried out by increasing the peroxide level. 

Mansouri A, Makris DP and Kefalas P. 2005. Determination of hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of cinnamic and benzoic acids employing a highly sensitive peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence-based assay structure-activity relationships. J Pharm Biomed Anal 39(l-2) 22-26. 

Yoshiki Y, Iida T, Akiyama Y, Okubo K, Matsumoto H and Sato M. 2001. Imaging of hydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide—scavenging substances by photon emission. Luminescence 16(5) 327—335. 

Ross C, Van Alstyne KL (2007) Intraspecific variation in stress-induced hydrogen peroxide scavenging by the ulvoid macroalga Ulva lactuca. J Phycol 43(3) 466 174 Salgado CS, Pennings SC (2005) Latitudinal variation in palatability of salt-marsh plants are differences constitutive Ecology 86 1571-1579... 

In animal models, milk thistle purportedly limits hepatic injury associated with a variety of toxins, including Amanita mushrooms, galactosamine, carbon tetrachloride, acetaminophen, radiation, cold ischemia, and ethanol. In vitro studies and some in vivo studies demonstrate that silymarin reduces lipid peroxidation, scavenges free radicals, and enhances glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels. This may contribute to membrane stabilization and reduce toxin entry. 

The presence of hydroxyl radical scavengers also plays a key role in the overall fate of the peroxide. Scavenging of hydroxyl radical minimizes the occurrence of reactions (5), (6), and (11). Organic scavengers generally react with hydroxyl radical in one of the two following types of reactions ... 

At concentrations of 0.25 and 0.50%, the zinc acetate behaved like the hindered-amine stabilizer—it afforded little or no photochemical protection to the wool fabric AE values of 2.47 and 2.21 were observed at the above concentrations after 550 kj/m2 exposure. Thus, one could assume it functions photochemically as an oxygen/peroxide scavenger. At concentrations of 1.0%, zinc acetate did afford moderate protection to the wool fabrics (AE value of 1.55 after 550 kj/m2 exposure), but its absorption/transmission curve exhibited a maximum absorption only at 250-300 nm. Thus, the moderate protection afforded to the wool fabric... 

Gillham, D. J., and Dodge, A. D., 1986, Hydrogen-peroxide-scavenging systems within pea chloroplasts, Planta 167 2469251. 

Cindet 558. [Stockhausen] Hydrogen peroxide scavenger proprietary blend of acids and bases. 

Gillham DJ and Dodge AD (1987) Chloroplast superoxide and hydrogen peroxide scavenging systems from pea leaves Seasonal variations. Plant Sci 50 105-109... 

Pharmacology In vitro studies show that milk thistle reduces lipid peroxidation, scavenges free radicals, enhances superoxide dismutase, inhibits formation of leukotrienes, and increases hepatocyte RNA polymerase activity. In animal models, milk thistle protects against liver injury caused by alcohol, acetaminophen, and amanita mushrooms. The outcomes of clinical trials in patients with liver disease caused by alcohol have been mixed. In viral hepatitis and liver injury caused by amanita mushrooms, results of clinical trials have been mainly favorable. A commercial preparation of silybin (an isomer of silymarin) is available in some countries as an antidote to Amanita phalloides mushroom poisoning. 

Siriwardhana and Shahidi [33] reported that hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities at lOOppm were 59%, 63%, and 66% and at 200ppm were 86%, 91%, and 91% for whole almond seed, brown skin, and green shell (leafy) cover extracts, respectively. The results obtained from both hazelnut and almond clearly show that extracts from by-products scavenged organic free radicals more effectively than kernel or seed extracts. 

Preventative or secondary antioxidants act at the initiation stage of the radical chain mechanism to prevent the formation of radical products. Their mechanism involves the decomposition of hydroperoxides to form stable nonradical products. In the absence of peroxide scavengers, hydroperoxides thermally or photolyti-cally decompose to radical products and accelerate decomposition. The most common secondary antioxidants are sulfur-based thiosynergist or phosphorus-based phosphites. ... 

Cakmak, L, Strbac, D., and Marschner, H., 1993, Activities of hydrogen peroxide-scavenging enzymes in germinating wheat seeds, J. Exp. Bot. 44 127-132. 

Takahama, U., 1992, Hydrogen peroxide scavenging systems in vacuoles of mesophyll cells of Vida faba L Phytochemistry 32 1127-1133. 

May directly scavenge O radicals and regenerate a-tocopherol from the a-tocopheroxyl radical Interrupts chain-reaction lipid peroxidation Scavenges singlet oxygen May scavenge O radicals directly regenerates oxidized ascorbic acid... 

Free radical - and hydrogen peroxide - scavenging effects of oilseed meals and their fractions... 

The extracts of several oilseeds, especially borageandeveningprimrose, were evaluated for their free radicals, hydroxyl radical, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities. In this, 2,2-diphenyl-l-piperylhydrazyl radical PPH ) was used to monitor the efficacy of the extracts in terms of tiieir scavenging capacity. Generalized reduction reactions between DPPH and additives (AH) may be written as ... 

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